Fernández-Cano María Isabel, Armadans Gil Lluís, Martínez Gómez Xavi, Campins Martí Magda
Nursing Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici M Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain,
Eur J Pediatr. 2014 Jun;173(6):721-6. doi: 10.1007/s00431-013-2228-8. Epub 2013 Dec 11.
Whooping cough is currently the worst controlled vaccine-preventable disease in the majority of countries. In order to reduce its morbidity and mortality, it is essential to adapt vaccination programmes to data provided by epidemiological surveillance. A population-based retrospective epidemiological study to estimate the minimum annual undernotification rate of pertussis in Spain from 1997 to 2010 was performed. The incidence of pertussis cases reported to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System was compared with the incidence of hospital discharges for pertussis from the National Surveillance System for hospital data, Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos. The overall reported incidence and that of hospitalisation for whooping cough were 1.3 cases × 100,000 inhabitants in both cases. Minimum underreporting oscillated between 3.8 and 22.8 %, according to the year of the study. The greatest underreporting (50 %) was observed in children under the age of 1 year.
Spanish epidemiological surveillance system of pertussis should be improved with complementary active systems to ascertain the real incidence. Paediatricians and general practitioners should be sensibilized to the importance of notification because this would be essential for adapting the prevention and control measures of this disease.
百日咳是目前大多数国家中防控效果最差的疫苗可预防疾病。为降低其发病率和死亡率，使疫苗接种计划适应流行病学监测提供的数据至关重要。开展了一项基于人群的回顾性流行病学研究，以估算1997年至2010年西班牙百日咳的最低年度漏报率。将向国家法定传染病监测系统报告的百日咳病例发病率与国家医院数据监测系统（基本最小数据集）中百日咳住院病例的发病率进行了比较。百日咳的总体报告发病率和住院发病率均为每10万居民1.3例。根据研究年份，最低漏报率在3.8%至22.8%之间波动。1岁以下儿童的漏报率最高（50%）。
应通过补充主动监测系统来改进西班牙的百日咳流行病学监测系统，以确定实际发病率。儿科医生和全科医生应认识到报告的重要性，因为这对于调整该疾病的预防和控制措施至关重要。
