Molnar Anna E C, Rosén Rebecka M, Nilsson Maria, Larsson Eva K B, Holmström Gerd E, Hellgren Kerstin M
Departments of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Retina. 2017 Dec;37(12):2281-2288. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001469.
To assess the macular thickness in 6.5-year-old children born extremely preterm (EPT) in comparison with children born at term and to investigate risk factors associated with the macular thickness in the preterm group.
A population-based study of 6.5-year-old children born before the gestational age of 27 weeks and age-matched control subjects. Macular assessments with optical coherence tomography were performed, and the results were compared with neonatal risk factors and sex.
Adequate optical coherence tomography measurements were obtained from 134 children born EPT (mean gestational age of 25 weeks [range 23-26]) and 145 control subjects. The mean (range) of central macula thickness was significantly increased (P < 0.001) in the EPT group (right eyes: 282 μm [238-356], left eyes: 283 μm [229-351]), compared with the control group (right eyes: 249 μm [208-293], left eyes: 248 μm [207-290]). A multiple linear mixed model analysis of the EPT group revealed gestational age, retinopathy of prematurity, and male gender as important risk factors for an increased macular thickness. The macular thickness decreased by 3.9 μm per gestational week, when adjusted for retinopathy of prematurity and sex.
Extremely preterm birth constitutes a substantial risk factor for a thick central macula, even when adjusted for retinopathy of prematurity and male gender.
评估极早产儿（EPT）出生6.5岁时的黄斑厚度，并与足月儿进行比较，同时调查早产儿组黄斑厚度相关的危险因素。
一项基于人群的研究，纳入孕27周前出生的6.5岁儿童及年龄匹配的对照受试者。采用光学相干断层扫描进行黄斑评估，并将结果与新生儿危险因素及性别进行比较。
从134例极早产儿（平均胎龄25周[范围23 - 26周]）和145例对照受试者获得了充分的光学相干断层扫描测量结果。与对照组（右眼：249μm[208 - 293μm]，左眼：248μm[207 - 290μm]）相比，极早产儿组的中央黄斑厚度平均值（范围）显著增加（P < 0.001）（右眼：282μm[238 - 356μm]，左眼：283μm[229 - 351μm]）。对极早产儿组进行的多元线性混合模型分析显示，胎龄、早产儿视网膜病变和男性性别是黄斑厚度增加的重要危险因素。在调整早产儿视网膜病变和性别后，黄斑厚度每孕周降低3.9μm。
即使调整了早产儿视网膜病变和男性性别因素，极早产仍是中央黄斑增厚的重要危险因素。
