Institution of Neuroscience/Ophthalmology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Institution of Neuroscience/Ophthalmology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Br J Ophthalmol. 2020 Apr;104(4):541-546. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314429. Epub 2019 Jul 13.
To assess visual function in young adults born preterm and compare with full-term individuals of the same age.
Young adults, born preterm (birth weight ≤1500 g) in 1988-1990, previously included in a population-based study on the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Stockholm County, Sweden were included. A control group of participants born at term, in the same area during the same time period, was used for comparison. Best-corrected visual acuities were assessed at distance and near with logMAR charts. Distance visual acuity was also measured with single symbols to calculate crowding. Visual fields were measured with Humphrey 24-2 and the mean deviation was noted. Contrast sensitivity was assessed with Vistech contrast sensitivity test and the area under the curve was calculated.
Fifty-nine preterm (females 37) and 44 full-term (females 18) individuals were included. All individuals were between 25 and 29 years of age. Preterm individuals had significantly lower distance visual acuity (mean -0.08 (SD 0.11) vs -0.14 (SD 0.07) logMAR, p=0.009), near visual acuity (mean -0.08 (SD 0.11) vs -0.13 (SD 0.06) logMAR, p=0.049), mean deviation (mean -1.09 (SD 1.13) vs -0.80 (SD 1.03) dB, p=0.05) and contrast sensitivity (mean 2.02 (SD 0.19) vs 2.16 (SD 0.14), p<0.001) in the better eye compared with full-term individuals. The differences in distance visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were also evident after excluding persons with previous ROP and neurological complications. In multivariable analyses, treated ROP was a risk factor for reduced near visual acuity and visual fields.
Visual function seems to be reduced in prematurely born individuals even in adulthood. The reason may be prematurity per se since individuals without previous ROP or neurological complications are also affected.
Visual function, assessed as visual acuity, visual fields and contrast sensitivity, was reduced in young adults born preterm and previously included in a population-based study on the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity, as compared with controls.
评估早产儿成年后的视觉功能，并与同年龄的足月婴儿进行比较。
纳入了 1988 年至 1990 年在瑞典斯德哥尔摩出生的、出生体重≤1500g 的早产儿（此前曾参与过一项关于斯德哥尔摩县早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）发病率的基于人群的研究），并使用同一地区同一时期出生的足月婴儿作为对照组。使用 logMAR 图表评估远距和近距最佳矫正视力。使用单符号测量远距视力以计算拥挤度。使用 Humphrey 24-2 测量视野，并记录平均偏差。使用 Vistech 对比敏感度测试评估对比敏感度，并计算曲线下面积。
共纳入 59 名早产儿（女性 37 名）和 44 名足月婴儿（女性 18 名）。所有参与者的年龄均在 25 至 29 岁之间。早产儿的远距视力（平均-0.08（SD 0.11）比-0.14（SD 0.07）logMAR，p=0.009）、近距视力（平均-0.08（SD 0.11）比-0.13（SD 0.06）logMAR，p=0.049）、平均偏差（平均-1.09（SD 1.13）比-0.80（SD 1.03）dB，p=0.05）和对比敏感度（平均 2.02（SD 0.19）比 2.16（SD 0.14），p<0.001）在较好眼均显著低于足月婴儿。在排除有既往 ROP 和神经并发症的患者后，远距视力和对比敏感度的差异仍然存在。多变量分析显示，治疗性 ROP 是近距视力和视野下降的危险因素。
即使在成年后，早产儿的视觉功能似乎也会降低。原因可能是早产儿本身，因为即使没有既往 ROP 或神经并发症的患者也受到影响。
与对照组相比，曾参与一项基于人群的早产儿视网膜病变发病率研究的早产儿在成年后，其视觉功能（通过视力、视野和对比敏感度评估）下降。
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