Belhadj Slimen Imen, Najar Taha, Abderrabba Manef
Department of Animal, Food and Halieutic Resources, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia , 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Materials, Molecules and Applications, Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies , BP 51, 2070 La Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.
J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Feb 1;65(4):675-689. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04208. Epub 2017 Jan 18.
Betalains are vacuolar pigments composed of a nitrogenous core structure, betalamic acid. Betalamic acid condenses with imino compounds (cyclo-DOPA/its glucosyl derivates) or amino acids/derivates to form violet betacyanins and yellow betaxanthins. These pigments have gained the curiosity of scientific researchers in recent decades. Their importance was increased not only by market orientation toward natural colorants and antioxidants but also by their safety and health promoting properties. To date, about 78 betalains have been identified from plants of about 17 families. In this review, all of the identified pigments are presented, followed by a comprehensive discussion of their structure-activity relationship.
甜菜色素是由含氮核心结构甜菜醛氨酸组成的液泡色素。甜菜醛氨酸与亚氨基化合物（环多巴/其葡萄糖基衍生物）或氨基酸/衍生物缩合形成紫色的甜菜青素和黄色的甜菜黄素。近几十年来，这些色素引起了科研人员的关注。它们的重要性不仅因市场对天然色素和抗氧化剂的导向而增加，还因其安全性和促进健康的特性。迄今为止，已从约17个科的植物中鉴定出约78种甜菜色素。在本综述中，介绍了所有已鉴定的色素，随后对它们的构效关系进行了全面讨论。
