Naruse Hiroaki, Fujisawa Takashi X, Yatsuga Chiho, Kubota Masafumi, Matsuo Hideaki, Takiguchi Shinichiro, Shimada Seiichiro, Imai Yuto, Hiratani Michio, Kosaka Hirotaka, Tomoda Akemi
Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan.
Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 18;12(1):e0170096. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170096. eCollection 2017.
Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently have motor problems. Previous studies have reported that the characteristic gait in children with ADHD is immature and that subjects demonstrate higher levels of variability in gait characteristics for the lower extremities than healthy controls. However, little is known about body movement during gait in children with ADHD. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristic body movements associated with ADHD symptoms in children with ADHD.
Using a three-dimensional motion analysis system, we compared gait variables in boys with ADHD (n = 19; mean age, 9.58 years) and boys with typical development (TD) (n = 21; mean age, 10.71 years) to determine the specific gait characteristics related to ADHD symptoms. We assessed spatiotemporal gait variables (i.e. speed, stride length, and cadence), and kinematic gait variables (i.e. angle of pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle) to measure body movement when walking at a self-selected pace.
In comparison with the TD group, the ADHD group demonstrated significantly higher values in cadence (t = 3.33, p = 0.002) and anterior pelvic angle (t = 3.08, p = 0.004). In multiple regression analysis, anterior pelvic angle was associated with the ADHD rating scale hyperactive/impulsive scores (β = 0.62, t = 2.58, p = 0.025), but not other psychiatric symptoms in the ADHD group.
Our results suggest that anterior pelvic angle represents a specific gait variable related to ADHD symptoms. Our kinematic findings could have potential implications for evaluating the body movement in boys with ADHD.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童经常存在运动问题。先前的研究报告称，ADHD儿童的特征性步态不成熟，且与健康对照组相比，这些儿童下肢步态特征的变异性更高。然而，对于ADHD儿童步态中的身体运动情况知之甚少。本研究的目的是确定与ADHD儿童ADHD症状相关的特征性身体运动。
我们使用三维运动分析系统，比较了ADHD男孩（n = 19；平均年龄9.58岁）和发育正常（TD）男孩（n = 21；平均年龄10.71岁）的步态变量，以确定与ADHD症状相关的特定步态特征。我们评估了时空步态变量（即速度、步长和步频）以及运动学步态变量（即骨盆、髋、膝和踝关节角度），以测量以自选速度行走时的身体运动。
与TD组相比，ADHD组的步频（t = 3.33，p = 0.002）和骨盆前倾角（t = 3.08，p = 0.004）显著更高。在多元回归分析中，骨盆前倾角与ADHD评定量表的多动/冲动得分相关（β = 0.62，t = 2.58，p = 0.025），但与ADHD组的其他精神症状无关。
我们的结果表明，骨盆前倾角代表了与ADHD症状相关的特定步态变量。我们的运动学研究结果可能对评估ADHD男孩的身体运动具有潜在意义。
