Li Haimei, Liu Baosuo, Huang Guiju, Fan Sigang, Zhang Bo, Su Jiaqi, Yu Dahui
Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China; Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2017 Mar;21:67-76. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.12.002. Epub 2017 Jan 8.
The winged pearl oyster Pteria penguin is a commercially important marine pearl oyster species, with pearls that are quite different from those of other pearl oysters. Among such species, mantle tissue is the main organ responsible for shell and pearl formation, a biomineralization process that is regulated by a series of genes, most of which remain unknown. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the transcriptome of P. penguin mantle tissue using the HiSeq 2000 sequencing platform. A total of 93,204 unique transcripts were assembled from 51,580,076 quality reads, with a mean length of 608bp, and 40,974 unigenes were annotated. The sequence data enabled the identification of 79,702 potential single nucleotide polymorphism loci and 4345 putative simple sequence repeat loci. A total of 71 unique transcripts were identified homologous to known biomineralization genes, including mantle gene, nacrein, pearlin, pif, chitinase, and shematrin, of which only 3 were previously reported in P. penguin. qPCR analysis indicated that 10 randomly selected biomineralization genes were much more highly expressed in mantle tissue than in the other tissues. In addition, 30 unique sequences were identified as highly expressed, with FPKM values of >3000, and most of these were biomineralization-related genes, including shematrin family genes, a jacalin-related lectin synthesis gene, calponin-2, and paramyosin. These findings will be useful for future studies of biomineralization in P. penguin, as well as in other Pteria species.
翼珠母贝（Pteria penguin）是一种具有重要商业价值的海洋珍珠贝物种，其所产珍珠与其他珍珠贝的珍珠有很大不同。在这类物种中，外套膜组织是负责贝壳和珍珠形成的主要器官，贝壳和珍珠形成是一个由一系列基因调控的生物矿化过程，其中大部分基因仍不为人知。在本研究中，我们使用HiSeq 2000测序平台对翼珠母贝外套膜组织的转录组进行了测序和特征分析。从51,580,076条高质量 reads 中总共组装出93,204条独特转录本，平均长度为608bp，并注释了40,974个单基因。序列数据使得能够鉴定出79,702个潜在的单核苷酸多态性位点和4345个推定的简单序列重复位点。总共鉴定出71条与已知生物矿化基因同源的独特转录本，包括外套膜基因、珍珠层蛋白、珍珠蛋白、pif、几丁质酶和贝壳硬蛋白，其中只有3条先前在翼珠母贝中有报道。qPCR分析表明，随机选择的10个生物矿化基因在外套膜组织中的表达远高于其他组织。此外，鉴定出30条高表达的独特序列，其FPKM值>3000，其中大多数是与生物矿化相关的基因，包括贝壳硬蛋白家族基因、一个与jacalin相关的凝集素合成基因、钙调蛋白-2和平滑肌肌球蛋白。这些发现将有助于未来对翼珠母贝以及其他翼珠母贝属物种生物矿化的研究。
