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全转录组测序和与珍珠贝（Pinctada margaritifera）养殖珍珠质量性状相关的生物矿化基因结构。

Whole transcriptome sequencing and biomineralization gene architecture associated with cultured pearl quality traits in the pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera.

机构信息

Ifremer, UMR 241 Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (EIO), Labex Corail, Centre Ifremer du Pacifique, BP 49, 98719, Tahiti, French Polynesia.

Ifremer, UMR 5244 Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon CC 80, 34095, Montpellier, France.

出版信息

BMC Genomics. 2019 Feb 6;20(1):111. doi: 10.1186/s12864-019-5443-5.

DOI:10.1186/s12864-019-5443-5
PMID:30727965
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6366105/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Cultured pearls are unique gems produced by living organisms, mainly molluscs of the Pinctada genus, through the biomineralization properties of pearl sac tissue. Improvement of P. margaritifera pearl quality is one of the biggest challenges that Polynesian research has faced to date. To achieve this goal, a better understanding of the complex mechanisms related to nacre and pearl formation is essential and can now be approached through the use of massive parallel sequencing technologies. The aim of this study was to use RNA-seq to compare whole transcriptome expression of pearl sacs that had producing pearls with high and low quality. For this purpose, a comprehensive reference transcriptome of P. margaritifera was built based on multi-tissue sampling (mantle, gonad, whole animal), including different living stages (juvenile, adults) and phenotypes (colour morphotypes, sex).

RESULTS

Strikingly, few genes were found to be up-regulated for high quality pearls (n = 16) compared to the up-regulated genes in low quality pearls (n = 246). Biomineralization genes up-regulated in low quality pearls were specific to prismatic and prism-nacre layers. Alternative splicing was further identified in several key biomineralization genes based on a recent P. margaritifera draft genome.

CONCLUSION

This study lifts the veil on the multi-level regulation of biomineralization genes associated with pearl quality determination.

摘要

背景

养殖珍珠是由生物体（主要是珍珠贝属的软体动物）通过珍珠囊组织的生物矿化特性产生的独特宝石。改善马氏珠母贝珍珠的质量是波利尼西亚研究迄今为止面临的最大挑战之一。为了实现这一目标，必须更好地了解与珍珠层和珍珠形成有关的复杂机制，而现在可以通过使用大规模平行测序技术来实现。本研究旨在使用 RNA-seq 比较产高质量和低质量珍珠的珍珠囊的全转录组表达。为此，基于多组织采样（套膜、性腺、全动物），包括不同的生活阶段（幼体、成体）和表型（颜色形态、性别），构建了马氏珠母贝的综合参考转录组。

结果

令人惊讶的是，与低质量珍珠（n=246）上调的基因相比，高质量珍珠（n=16）上调的基因很少。在低质量珍珠中上调的矿化基因是棱柱和棱柱-珍珠层特有的。基于马氏珠母贝的最近基因组草案，在几个关键的矿化基因中进一步鉴定了选择性剪接。

结论

本研究揭示了与珍珠质量决定相关的矿化基因的多层次调控。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/5d25ae7dd637/12864_2019_5443_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/5dbfd5354318/12864_2019_5443_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/95bd91594d99/12864_2019_5443_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/021a6445807c/12864_2019_5443_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/5d25ae7dd637/12864_2019_5443_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/5dbfd5354318/12864_2019_5443_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/95bd91594d99/12864_2019_5443_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/021a6445807c/12864_2019_5443_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cf5/6366105/5d25ae7dd637/12864_2019_5443_Fig4_HTML.jpg

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