Welch Alice E, Caramanica Zweig Kimberly, McAteer Jonathan M, Brackbill Robert M
Division of Epidemiology, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, New York.
Division of Epidemiology, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, New York.
Am J Prev Med. 2017 Feb;52(2):192-198. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.10.034.
The 9/11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center resulted in elevated post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use among exposed individuals. The relationship among traumatic exposure, PTSD, and excessive drinking is well documented; however, little is known about these relationships in the long term. This study examines factors increasing binge drinking risk among exposed individuals a decade post-9/11.
In 2015-2016, data were analyzed from 28,592 World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees aged ≥18 years who completed the Wave 3 (2011-2012) survey. Women comprised 38.9% of participants. Binge drinking in the last 30 days was categorized as low (men, five to seven drinks; women, four to six drinks) or high intensity (men, eight or more drinks; women, seven or more drinks). Probable 9/11-related PTSD was defined as scoring ≥44 on the PTSD Checklist. Exposures to 9/11 (e.g., witnessing horror, sustaining an injury) were categorized as none/low (zero to two) or high (three or more).
Binge drinking was reported by 24.7% of participants, of whom 36.9% reported high-intensity binge drinking. Compared with non-binge drinkers, the odds of low- and high-intensity binge drinking were greater among enrollees who were male, aged 18-34 years, non-Hispanic white, had income >$75,000, were rescue/recovery workers, had high 9/11 exposure, or 9/11-related PTSD.
The observed associations among traumatic exposure, PTSD, and excessive drinking underscore the need for improved therapies addressing excessive drinking and PTSD concurrently, inclusion of repeated post-event screening for excessive drinking, and evidence-based population-level interventions to reduce alcohol consumption.
9·11 恐怖袭击世贸中心事件导致受影响个体的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患病率升高以及饮酒行为增加。创伤暴露、PTSD 和过度饮酒之间的关系已有充分记录；然而，从长期来看，对这些关系的了解却很少。本研究调查了 9·11 事件十年后增加受影响个体暴饮风险的因素。
在 2015 - 2016 年，对 28592 名年龄≥18 岁、完成了第三轮（2011 - 2012 年）调查的世贸中心健康登记参与者的数据进行了分析。女性占参与者的 38.9%。过去 30 天内的暴饮被分为低强度（男性，5 - 7 杯；女性，4 - 6 杯）或高强度（男性，8 杯及以上；女性，7 杯及以上）。可能与 9·11 事件相关的 PTSD 被定义为在 PTSD 检查表上得分≥44 分。9·11 事件暴露（如目睹恐怖场景、受伤）被分为无/低（0 - 2 次）或高（3 次及以上）。
24.7%的参与者报告有暴饮行为，其中 36.9%报告有高强度暴饮行为。与非暴饮者相比，男性、年龄在 18 - 34 岁、非西班牙裔白人、收入超过 75000 美元、是救援/恢复工作人员、9·11 事件暴露程度高或有与 9·11 事件相关 PTSD 的登记参与者发生低强度和高强度暴饮的几率更高。
创伤暴露、PTSD 和过度饮酒之间观察到的关联强调了同时改善针对过度饮酒和 PTSD 的治疗方法的必要性，包括对过度饮酒进行事件后重复筛查，以及采取基于证据的人群层面干预措施以减少酒精消费。
