Allendorfer Jane B, Szaflarski Jerzy P
Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Epilepsy Behav. 2017 May;70(Pt B):349-354. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.11.020. Epub 2017 Jan 18.
Recent interest for the use of cannabis-derived products as therapeutic agents in the treatment of epilepsies has necessitated a reevaluation of their effects on brain and behavior. Overall, prolonged cannabis use is thought to result in functional and structural brain alterations. These effects may be dependent on a number of factors: e.g., which phytocannabinoid is used (e.g., cannabidiol (CBD) vs. tetrahyrocannabinol (THC)), the frequency of use (occasional vs. heavy), and at what age (prenatal, childhood, adulthood) the use began. However, due to the fact that there are over seven hundred constituents that make up the Cannabis sativa plant, it is difficult to determine which compound or combination of compounds is responsible for specific effects when studying recreational users. Therefore, this review focuses only on the functional MRI studies investigating the effects of specific pharmacological preparations of cannabis compounds, specifically THC, tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), and CBD, on brain function in healthy individuals and persons with epilepsy with references to non-epilepsy studies only to underline the gaps in research that need to be filled before cannabis-derived products are considered for a wide use in the treatment of epilepsy. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Cannabinoids and Epilepsy".
近期，将大麻衍生产品用作治疗癫痫的治疗剂引发了人们的兴趣，这就需要重新评估其对大脑和行为的影响。总体而言，长期使用大麻被认为会导致大脑功能和结构改变。这些影响可能取决于多种因素，例如使用的是哪种植物大麻素（例如，大麻二酚（CBD）与四氢大麻酚（THC））、使用频率（偶尔使用与大量使用）以及开始使用的年龄（产前、儿童期、成年期）。然而，由于大麻植物含有700多种成分，在研究娱乐性使用者时，很难确定是哪种化合物或化合物组合导致了特定影响。因此，本综述仅关注功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究，这些研究调查了大麻化合物的特定药理制剂，特别是THC、四氢大麻戊酸（THCV）和CBD，对健康个体和癫痫患者大脑功能的影响，并仅参考非癫痫研究来强调在大麻衍生产品被考虑广泛用于癫痫治疗之前需要填补的研究空白。本文是名为“大麻素与癫痫”的特刊的一部分。
