Russo Ethan B
PHYTECS, 1875 Century Park East, Suite 2250, Los Angeles, CA 90067, USA.
Epilepsy Behav. 2017 May;70(Pt B):292-297. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.09.040. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Cannabis has been associated with the treatment of epilepsy throughout history, and if ancient Assyrian sources referring to "hand of ghost" are considered credible, this relationship may span four millennia. A tradition of usage continued in Arabic medicine and Ayurvedic practice in India, which led, in turn, to early experiments in Europe and North America with "Indian hemp." Lack of standardization, bioavailability issues, and ultimately prohibition were all factors in cannabis-based medicines failing to maintain mainstream usage in seizure treatment, but investigation was resumed in the 1970s with interesting signals noted in both laboratory and clinical settings. Early case studies showed promise, but lacked sufficient rigor. Resumption of research coupled with mass experimentation by families of epilepsy patients has led to intense interest in cannabis-based medicines for its treatment once more, with greatest focus on cannabidiol, but additional investigation of tetrahydrocannabinol, tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, and other phytocannabinoids. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Cannabinoids and Epilepsy".
纵观历史，大麻一直与癫痫治疗相关联。如果认为古代亚述人提及“鬼手”的资料可信，那么这种关联可能跨越了四千年。在阿拉伯医学和印度阿育吠陀医学实践中，使用大麻的传统得以延续，这又促使欧洲和北美早期对“印度大麻”进行了试验。缺乏标准化、生物利用度问题以及最终的禁令，都是以大麻为基础的药物未能在癫痫治疗中保持主流应用的因素，但在20世纪70年代又重新展开了研究，在实验室和临床环境中都发现了有趣的迹象。早期的案例研究显示出了前景，但缺乏足够的严谨性。研究的恢复以及癫痫患者家属的大量试验，再次引发了人们对以大麻为基础的药物治疗癫痫的浓厚兴趣，其中最受关注的是大麻二酚，但也对四氢大麻酚、四氢大麻酚酸和其他植物大麻素进行了更多研究。本文是名为“大麻素与癫痫”的特刊的一部分。
