Alhomoud Faten, Aljamea Zainab, Almahasnah Reem, Alkhalifah Khawlah, Basalelah Lama, Alhomoud Farah Kais
Department of Clinical and Pharmacy Practice, School of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam 31952, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical and Pharmacy Practice, School of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam 31952, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Infect Dis. 2017 Apr;57:3-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.01.014. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
There has been no review on the prevalence, possible causes, and clinical outcomes of self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) in the Middle East.
Databases were searched (January 2000 through June 2016) for articles on SMA among adults aged ≥18 years living in the Middle East. A hand search for relevant citations and key journals was also performed.
Twenty-two studies were found. The prevalence of SMA ranged from 19% to 82%. Age, sex, and educational and income levels were the main determinants of SMA. Socio-cultural, economic, and regulatory factors were the most commonly cited reasons for SMA. Penicillins were the antibiotics most commonly used; the antibiotics were obtained mainly via stored leftover drugs, pharmacies without prescriptions, and friends/relatives. SMA was mainly for upper respiratory tract problems. The primary sources of drug information included relatives/friends and previous successful experience. Inappropriate drug use such as wrong indication, short and long duration of treatment, sharing of antibiotics, and storing antibiotics at home for use at a later time were reported. Negative and positive outcomes of SMA were identified.
It is important to understand the links between different factors promoting SMA and to assess the changing trends in order to derive strategies aimed at reducing drug-related health risks.
中东地区尚无关于抗生素自我药疗（SMA）的患病率、可能原因及临床结局的综述。
检索数据库（2000年1月至2016年6月），查找关于居住在中东地区年龄≥18岁成年人SMA的文章。还对手检相关参考文献及关键期刊进行了检索。
共找到22项研究。SMA的患病率在19%至82%之间。年龄、性别以及教育和收入水平是SMA的主要决定因素。社会文化、经济和监管因素是SMA最常被提及的原因。青霉素是最常用的抗生素；这些抗生素主要通过储存的剩余药物、无处方药店以及朋友/亲属获得。SMA主要用于上呼吸道问题。药物信息的主要来源包括亲属/朋友和既往成功经验。报告了用药不当的情况，如适应证错误、治疗疗程长短不当、抗生素共用以及在家中储存抗生素以备后用。确定了SMA的负面和正面结局。
了解促进SMA的不同因素之间的联系并评估变化趋势，对于制定旨在降低药物相关健康风险的策略非常重要。
