Park Jong-Lyul, Lee Yeon-Su, Kunkeaw Nawapol, Kim Seon-Young, Kim In-Hoo, Lee Yong Sun
Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
Epigenomics. 2017 Feb;9(2):171-187. doi: 10.2217/epi-2016-0108.
RNA polymerase III (Pol III) synthesizes a range of medium-sized noncoding RNAs (collectively 'Pol III genes') whose early established biological roles were so essential that they were considered 'housekeeping genes'. Besides these fundamental functions, diverse unconventional roles of mammalian Pol III genes have recently been recognized and their expression must be exquisitely controlled. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic regulation of Pol III genes by chromatin structure, histone modification and CpG DNA methylation. We also recapitulate the association between dysregulation of Pol III genes and diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders. Additionally, we will discuss why in-depth molecular studies of Pol III genes have not been attempted and how nc886, a Pol III gene, may resolve this issue.
RNA聚合酶III（Pol III）合成一系列中等大小的非编码RNA（统称为“Pol III基因”），其早期确立的生物学作用至关重要，以至于被视为“管家基因”。除了这些基本功能外，哺乳动物Pol III基因最近还被发现具有多种非常规作用，其表达必须受到精确调控。在这篇综述中，我们总结了染色质结构、组蛋白修饰和CpG DNA甲基化对Pol III基因的表观遗传调控。我们还概述了Pol III基因失调与癌症和神经疾病等疾病之间的关联。此外，我们将讨论为何尚未尝试对Pol III基因进行深入的分子研究，以及Pol III基因nc886如何可能解决这一问题。
