Ali Asmaa, Ahmed Abdelkader, Gad Ali
Construction and Building Department, Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport, Aswan, Egypt.
Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
Water Sci Technol. 2017 Jan;75(2):439-450. doi: 10.2166/wst.2016.537.
This study aims to investigate the ability of low cost ceramic membrane filtration in removing three common heavy metals namely; Pb, Cu, and Cd from water media. The work includes manufacturing ceramic membranes with dimensions of 15 by 15 cm and 2 cm thickness. The membranes were made from low cost materials of local clay mixed with different sawdust percentages of 0.5%, 2.0%, and 5.0%. The used clay was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence analysis. Aqueous solutions of heavy metals were prepared in the laboratory and filtered through the ceramic membranes. The influence of the main parameters such as pH, initial driving pressure head, and concentration of heavy metals on their removal efficiency by ceramic membranes was investigated. Water samples were collected before and after the filtration process and their heavy metal concentrations were determined by chemical analysis. Moreover, a microstructural analysis using scanning electronic microscope (SEM) was performed on ceramic membranes before and after the filtration process. The chemical analysis results showed high removal efficiency up to 99% for the concerned heavy metals. SEM images approved these results by showing adsorbed metal ions on sides of the internal pores of the ceramic membranes.
本研究旨在探究低成本陶瓷膜过滤从水介质中去除三种常见重金属（即铅、铜和镉）的能力。这项工作包括制造尺寸为15×15厘米、厚度为2厘米的陶瓷膜。这些膜由当地粘土的低成本材料与0.5%、2.0%和5.0%的不同锯末百分比混合制成。所用粘土通过X射线衍射（XRD）和X射线荧光分析进行表征。在实验室中制备重金属水溶液，并通过陶瓷膜进行过滤。研究了诸如pH值、初始驱动压头和重金属浓度等主要参数对陶瓷膜去除效率的影响。在过滤过程前后采集水样，并通过化学分析测定其重金属浓度。此外，在过滤过程前后对陶瓷膜进行了扫描电子显微镜（SEM）微观结构分析。化学分析结果表明，相关重金属的去除效率高达99%。SEM图像通过显示陶瓷膜内部孔隙侧面吸附的金属离子证实了这些结果。
