Schneider Daniel, Barth Anna, Getzmann Stephan, Wascher Edmund
Leibniz Research Centre of Working Environment and Human Factors, TU Dortmund, Germany.
Leibniz Research Centre of Working Environment and Human Factors, TU Dortmund, Germany.
Biol Psychol. 2017 Mar;124:47-56. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.01.006. Epub 2017 Jan 20.
This EEG study investigated the protective effect of retroactive attentional focusing on working memory. To this effect, we used a visuo-spatial working memory task and presented block-wise distractor displays after working memory contents had been updated by means of a retroactive cue (retro-cue). Retroactive attention attenuated the interfering effect of distractors on memory precision. The reduction of working memory load by means of a selective retro-cue was reflected by a decline of a negative slow wave over parietal sites. Posterior N1 to the distractor was reduced following a selective retro-cue compared to a neutral retro-cue condition, most notably at left hemispheric sites. P3b referred to the distractor was suppressed completely only following a selective retro-cue. This suggests that focusing on only a subset of visuo-spatial information represented in working memory releases cognitive resources for preventing the in-depth processing of subsequently irrelevant visual events, thereby inhibiting their transfer into working memory.
这项脑电图研究调查了回溯性注意聚焦对工作记忆的保护作用。为此，我们使用了一项视觉空间工作记忆任务，并在通过回溯性线索（retro-cue）更新工作记忆内容后，逐块呈现干扰显示。回溯性注意减弱了干扰物对记忆精度的干扰作用。通过选择性回溯性线索减轻工作记忆负荷表现为顶叶部位负向慢波的下降。与中性回溯性线索条件相比，选择性回溯性线索后，对干扰物的后部N1波幅降低，最明显的是在左半球部位。仅在选择性回溯性线索后，指向干扰物的P3b波被完全抑制。这表明，仅关注工作记忆中所表征的视觉空间信息的一个子集，会释放认知资源，以防止对随后无关视觉事件的深度加工，从而抑制它们转入工作记忆。
