Christiansen Lars B, Toftager Mette, Pawlowski Charlotte S, Andersen Henriette B, Ersbøll Annette K, Troelsen Jens
Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Øster Farimagsgade 5a, 1353, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Health Educ Res. 2017 Feb 1;32(1):58-68. doi: 10.1093/her/cyw058.
School recess physical activity is important for adolescent s health and development, and several studies have established evidence based on cross-sectional studies that it is influenced by the environment in the schoolyard. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and variation across schools of a school-based intervention on students perceived opportunities for physical activity in the schoolyard, and to evaluate if an improved collective perception of opportunities was followed by an increase in PA during recess for the 13-15 year-old students. The intervention components included schoolyard renovation; mandatory outdoor recess; and increased adult supervision and support. Students collective perceptions were evaluated by a newly developed Schoolyard index (SYi) with seven items, and physical activity was objectively measured with accelerometer. We found variations in the change of student perceptions across the intervention schools, and that a one unit increase in the Schoolyard index (SYi) led to a 12% increase in recess PA. This study shows that adolescent PA during recess can be increased through a multicomponent intervention. The prospect for making an impact is low and according to the process analysis dependent on direct involvement; active and supportive adults; and varied, connected and well located facilities.
学校课间体育活动对青少年的健康和发展很重要，多项基于横断面研究的证据表明，它受到校园环境的影响。本研究的目的是调查一项以学校为基础的干预措施对学生在校园内进行体育活动的感知机会的影响以及不同学校之间的差异，并评估13至15岁学生课间体育活动（PA）的增加是否伴随着对机会的集体认知的改善。干预措施包括校园翻新；强制进行户外课间休息；增加成人监督和支持。学生的集体认知通过一个新开发的包含七个项目的校园指数（SYi）进行评估，体育活动通过加速度计进行客观测量。我们发现各干预学校学生认知的变化存在差异，校园指数（SYi）每增加一个单位，课间体育活动就会增加12%。本研究表明，通过多成分干预可以增加青少年课间的体育活动。产生影响的前景较低，根据过程分析，这取决于直接参与；积极且支持的成年人；以及多样、相连且位置合适的设施。
