液态饲喂玉米浓缩酒糟及其全糟对猪生长性能、胴体特性和感官性状的影响

Effects of liquid feeding of corn condensed distiller's solubles and whole stillage on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and sensory traits of pigs.

作者信息

Yang Xiaojian, Nath Carissa, Doering Alan, Goihl John, Baidoo Samuel Kofi

机构信息

Southern Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Waseca, MN 56093 USA.

Agricultural Utilization and Research Institute, Marshall, MN 56258 USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2017 Jan 19;8:9. doi: 10.1186/s40104-016-0140-6. eCollection 2017.

DOI:10.1186/s40104-016-0140-6

PMID:28116075

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5247815/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller's solubles, which could be potentially used for animal feeding. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of liquid feeding high levels of corn condensed distiller's solubles (CCDS) and whole stillage (CWS) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, belly firmness and meat sensory traits of pigs.

METHODS

A total of 256 pigs were blocked by sex and initial BW (13.5 ± 2.5 kg), and pens of pigs (8 pigs/pen) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (8 pens/treatment): 1) corn-soybean meal based diet as control, 2) 25% CWS + 5% CCDS, 3) 19.5% CWS + 10.5% CCDS, and 4) 19.5, 26, and 32.5% CWS + 10.5, 14, and 17.5% CCDS in phases 1 (28 d), 2 (38 d), and 3 (60 d), respectively. Inclusion levels of CCDS and CWS for Treatments 1, 2, and 3 were fixed during all the three phases of the experiment. Inclusion levels of CWS and CCDS were on 88% dry matter basis. The liquid feeding system delivered feed from the mixing tank to feed troughs by high-pressure air, had sensors inside feed troughs, and recorded daily feed intake on the basis of a reference feed intake curve. The pigs were fed 5 to 10 times per day with increasing frequency during the experiment.

RESULTS

Control pigs had greater ( < 0.05) average daily gain (0.91 vs. 0.84, 0.85, 0.85 kg/d) and gain to feed ratio (0.37 vs. 0.33, 0.34, 0.34) than pigs in the other three treatments during the overall period. Compared with the control, the other three groups had ( < 0.05) or tended to have ( < 0.10) lower carcass weight and backfat depth due to lighter ( < 0.05) slaughter body weight, but similar ( > 0.10) dressing percentage, loin muscle depth, and lean percentage were observed among the four treatments. Inclusion of CWS and CCDS reduced ( < 0.05) or tended to reduce ( < 0.10) belly firmness but did not influence ( > 0.10) the overall like, flavor, tenderness and juiciness of loin chops when compared with the control group.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, our results indicate that including 30-50% of a mixture of whole stillage and condensed distiller's solubles in the growing-finishing diets may reduce growth performance, carcass weight and belly firmness, but does not affect pork sensory traits.

摘要

背景

全球生物乙醇产量的巨大增长极大地增加了诸如全酒糟和浓缩酒糟可溶物等副产品的供应，这些副产品有可能用于动物饲养。本研究的目的是调查液体饲喂高水平玉米浓缩酒糟可溶物（CCDS）和全酒糟（CWS）对猪的生长性能、胴体特性、腹部紧实度和肉的感官特性的影响。

方法

总共256头猪按性别和初始体重（13.5±2.5千克）进行分组，每栏猪（8头/栏）被随机分配到4种日粮处理中的1种（每个处理8栏）：1）以玉米-豆粕为基础的日粮作为对照，2）25% CWS + 5% CCDS，3）19.5% CWS + 10.5% CCDS，4）在第1阶段（28天）、第2阶段（38天）和第3阶段（60天）分别为19.5%、26%和32.5% CWS + 10.5%、14%和17.5% CCDS。处理1、2和3中CCDS和CWS的添加水平在实验的所有三个阶段均保持固定。CWS和CCDS的添加水平以88%干物质为基础。液体饲喂系统通过高压空气将饲料从混合罐输送到饲料槽，饲料槽内有传感器，并根据参考采食量曲线记录每日采食量。在实验期间，猪每天饲喂5至10次，饲喂频率逐渐增加。

结果

在整个期间，对照猪的平均日增重（0.91对0.84、0.85、0.85千克/天）和料重比（0.37对0.33、0.34、0.34）显著高于（P<0.05）其他三个处理组的猪。与对照组相比，由于屠宰体重较轻（P<0.05），其他三组的胴体重和背膘厚显著降低（P<0.05）或有降低趋势（P<0.10），但四个处理组的屠宰率、腰肌深度和瘦肉率相似（P>0.10）。与对照组相比，添加CWS和CCDS降低了（P<0.05）或有降低趋势（P<0.10）腹部紧实度，但对猪排的总体喜好、风味、嫩度和多汁性没有影响（P>0.10）。