Graham Hannah K, Maina Ivy, Goldstein Allan M, Nagy Nandor
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
J Anat. 2017 Apr;230(4):567-574. doi: 10.1111/joa.12583. Epub 2017 Jan 24.
The development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and intestinal smooth muscle occurs in a spatially and temporally correlated manner, but how they influence each other is unknown. In the developing mid-gut of the chick embryo, we find that α-smooth muscle actin expression, indicating early muscle differentiation, occurs after the arrival of migrating enteric neural crest-derived cells (ENCCs). In contrast, hindgut smooth muscle develops prior to ENCC arrival. Smooth muscle development is normal in experimentally aganglionic hindguts, suggesting that proper development and patterning of the muscle layers does not rely on the ENS. However, inhibiting early smooth muscle development severely disrupts ENS patterning without affecting ENCC proliferation or apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that early intestinal smooth muscle differentiation is required for patterning the developing ENS.
肠神经系统（ENS）和肠道平滑肌的发育在空间和时间上呈现出相关的方式，但它们如何相互影响尚不清楚。在鸡胚发育中的中肠，我们发现表明早期肌肉分化的α-平滑肌肌动蛋白表达在迁移的肠神经嵴衍生细胞（ENCCs）到达之后出现。相反，后肠平滑肌在ENCCs到达之前发育。在实验性无神经节的后肠中，平滑肌发育正常，这表明肌肉层的正常发育和模式形成并不依赖于肠神经系统。然而，抑制早期平滑肌发育会严重破坏肠神经系统的模式形成，而不影响ENCCs的增殖或凋亡。我们的结果表明，早期肠道平滑肌分化对于发育中的肠神经系统的模式形成是必需的。
