a Center for Biomaterials , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
b Department of Biomedical Engineering , Korea University of Science and Technology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2017 Dec;14(12):1341-1353. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1285904. Epub 2017 Feb 6.
Nitric oxide (NO) is crucial for body homeostasis at moderate levels, but cytotoxic at high levels, thus making it a potential candidate for anticancer therapies and antibacterial surface coatings. To date, NO use has been limited due to its very short half-life. Many strategies have been utilized in an attempt to control the half-life of NO, including (but not limited to) lipid-based carriers, due to their biocompatibility and versatility. Areas covered: In this review, we discuss the latest studies that aimed to control the release of NO via a variety of lipid-based delivery carriers, such as liposomes (echogenic and normal) and microbubbles. In addition, we discuss the different types of NO donors used to control and target the release of NO. Expert opinion: Achieving a NO releasing lipid-based systems to mimic the natural release rate of NO remains a challenging task. Many promising strategies are still to be tackled, such as NO release supported lipid bilayers using GPx mimicking catalysts instead of vesicles, or the use of lipophillic NO donors such as nitrooleate instead of the conventional hydrophilic NO donors. These new strategies may present us with better alternatives to the previously published systems.
一氧化氮（NO）在适度水平下对维持身体内环境稳定至关重要，但在高水平下具有细胞毒性，因此成为癌症治疗和抗菌表面涂层的潜在候选物。迄今为止，由于其半衰期非常短，NO 的应用受到限制。为了控制 NO 的半衰期，人们已经尝试了许多策略，包括（但不限于）基于脂质的载体，因为它们具有生物相容性和多功能性。涵盖领域：在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最新的研究，这些研究旨在通过各种基于脂质的递药载体来控制 NO 的释放，例如脂质体（声振和普通）和微泡。此外，我们还讨论了用于控制和靶向 NO 释放的不同类型的 NO 供体。专家意见：实现模拟 NO 自然释放速率的基于脂质的 NO 释放系统仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。许多有前途的策略仍有待解决，例如使用 GPx 模拟催化剂代替囊泡来支持 NO 释放的脂质双层，或者使用亲脂性的 NO 供体，如硝基油酸酯，而不是传统的亲水性 NO 供体。这些新策略可能为我们提供比以前发表的系统更好的替代方案。
