Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca 66600, Mexico.
Molecules. 2022 Oct 25;27(21):7218. doi: 10.3390/molecules27217218.
In the presence of a vascular thrombus, the recovery of blood flow and vascular recanalization are very important to prevent tissue damage. An alternative procedure to thrombolysis is required for patients who are unable to receive surgery or thrombolytic drugs due to other physical conditions. Recently, the performance of thrombolysis combined with microbubbles has become an attractive and effective therapeutic procedure. Indeed, in a recent study, we demonstrated that, upon exposure to ultrasound, liposomes loaded with nitric oxide release agonists conjugated to microbubbles; therefore, there is potential to release the agonist in a controlled manner into specific tissues. This means that the effect of the agonist is potentiated, decreasing interactions with other tissues, and reducing the dose required to induce nitric-oxide-dependent vasodilation. In the present study, we hypothesized that a liposome microbubble delivery system can be used as a hydrophilic agonist carrier for the nitric oxide donor spermine NONOate, to elicit femoral vasodilation and clot degradation. Therefore, we used spermine-NONOate-loaded microbubbles to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-mediated microbubble disruption (UMMD) on thromboembolic femoral artery recanalization. We prepared spermine NONOate-loaded microbubbles and tested their effect on ex vivo preparations, hypothesizing that ultrasound-induced microbubble disruption is associated with the vasorelaxation of aortic rings. Thrombolysis was demonstrated in aorta blood-flow recovery after disruption by spermine NONOate-loaded microbubbles via ultrasound application in the region where the thrombus is located. Our study provides an option for the clinical translation of NO donors to therapeutic applications.
在存在血管血栓的情况下,恢复血流和血管再通对于防止组织损伤非常重要。对于因其他身体状况而无法接受手术或溶栓药物治疗的患者,需要替代溶栓的程序。最近,溶栓联合微泡的效果已成为一种有吸引力和有效的治疗程序。事实上,在最近的一项研究中,我们证明了,在超声暴露下,载有与微泡结合的一氧化氮释放激动剂的脂质体;因此,有可能以可控的方式将激动剂释放到特定组织中。这意味着激动剂的作用增强,减少与其他组织的相互作用,并减少诱导一氧化氮依赖性血管扩张所需的剂量。在本研究中,我们假设脂质体微泡递药系统可以用作亲水性激动剂载体,用于携带一氧化氮供体 spermine NONOate,以引起股动脉血管舒张和血栓降解。因此,我们使用载有 spermine NONOate 的微泡来评估超声介导的微泡破坏 (UMMD) 对血栓栓塞股动脉再通的影响。我们制备了载有 spermine NONOate 的微泡,并在离体标本中测试了它们的效果,假设超声诱导的微泡破坏与主动脉环的血管舒张有关。在用载有 spermine NONOate 的微泡通过超声在血栓所在区域进行破坏后,我们证明了主动脉血流恢复中的溶栓作用。我们的研究为将 NO 供体转化为治疗应用提供了一种临床选择。
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