Hartmann-Boyce J, Boylan A-M, Jebb S A, Fletcher B, Aveyard P
Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Obes Rev. 2017 Mar;18(3):335-349. doi: 10.1111/obr.12500. Epub 2017 Jan 24.
We conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies to examine the strategies people employ as part of self-directed weight loss attempts, map these to an existing behaviour change taxonomy and explore attitudes and beliefs surrounding these strategies.
Seven electronic databases were searched in December 2015 for qualitative studies in overweight and obese adults attempting to lose weight through behaviour change. We were interested in strategies used by participants in self-directed efforts to lose weight. Two reviewers extracted data from included studies. Thematic and narrative synthesis techniques were used.
Thirty one studies, representing over 1,000 participants, were included. Quality of the included studies was mixed. The most commonly covered types of strategies were restrictions, self-monitoring, scheduling, professional support and weight management aids. With the exception of scheduling, for which participant experiences were predominantly positive, participants' attitudes and beliefs surrounding implementation of these groups of strategies were mixed. Two new groups of strategies were added to the existing taxonomy: reframing and self-experimentation.
This review demonstrates that at present, interventions targeting individuals engaged in self-management of weight do not necessarily reflect lived experiences of self-directed weight loss.
我们对定性研究进行了系统综述，以考察人们在自主减肥尝试中所采用的策略，将这些策略对应到现有的行为改变分类体系，并探究围绕这些策略的态度和信念。
2015年12月，我们在七个电子数据库中检索了有关超重和肥胖成年人通过行为改变来减肥的定性研究。我们关注的是参与者在自主减肥努力中所使用的策略。两名评审员从纳入的研究中提取数据。采用了主题和叙述性综合技术。
纳入了31项研究，涉及1000多名参与者。纳入研究的质量参差不齐。最常涉及的策略类型包括限制、自我监测、计划安排、专业支持和体重管理辅助工具。除计划安排外（参与者对其体验大多为积极），参与者对这些策略组实施的态度和信念各不相同。在现有的分类体系中增加了两组新策略：重新构建和自我实验。
本综述表明，目前针对进行体重自我管理的个体的干预措施不一定反映自主减肥的实际经历。
