Landgraf Steffen, von Treskow Isabella
Clinic of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, District Hospital Regensburg, Medizinische Einrichtungen des Bezirks Oberpfalz (Medbo)Regensburg, Germany; Faculty of Law, University of RegensburgRegensburg, Germany.
Faculty for Linguistics, Literature, and Cultural Science, University of Regensburg Regensburg, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jan 10;7:2070. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02070. eCollection 2016.
Hardly any subjects enjoy greater - public or private - interest than the art of flirtation and seduction. However, interpersonal approach behavior not only paves the way for sexual interaction and reproduction, but it simultaneously integrates non-sexual psychobiological and cultural standards regarding consensus and social norms. In the present paper, we use script theory, a concept that extends across psychological and cultural science, to assess behavioral options during interpersonal approaches. Specifically, we argue that approaches follow scripted event sequences that entail ambivalence as an essential communicative element. On the one hand, ambivalence may facilitate interpersonal approaches by maintaining and provoking situational uncertainty, so that the outcome of an action - even after several approaches and dates - remains ambiguous. On the other hand, ambivalence may increase the risk for sexual aggression or abuse, depending on the individual's abilities, the circumstances, and the intentions of the interacting partners. Recognizing latent sequences of sexually aggressive behavior, in terms of their rigid structure and behavioral options, may thus enable individuals to use resources efficiently, avoid danger, and extricate themselves from assault situations. We conclude that interdisciplinary script knowledge about ambivalence as a core component of the seduction script may be helpful for counteracting subtly aggressive intentions and preventing sexual abuse. We discuss this with regard to the nature-nurture debate as well as phylogenetic and ontogenetic aspects of interpersonal approach behavior and its medial implementation.
几乎没有什么主题能比调情与诱惑的艺术更能引起公众或个人的兴趣了。然而，人际接近行为不仅为性互动和繁殖铺平了道路，同时还融入了关于共识和社会规范的非性心理生物学及文化标准。在本文中，我们运用脚本理论（这一概念跨越了心理学和文化科学领域）来评估人际接近过程中的行为选择。具体而言，我们认为接近行为遵循着脚本化的事件序列，其中矛盾情绪是一个关键的交流元素。一方面，矛盾情绪可能通过维持和引发情境的不确定性来促进人际接近，从而使一个行动的结果——即使经过多次接近和约会之后——仍然模糊不清。另一方面，矛盾情绪可能会增加性侵犯或性虐待的风险，这取决于个体的能力、具体情境以及互动双方的意图。因此，从性侵犯行为的固定结构和行为选择方面识别其潜在序列，或许能使个体有效地利用资源、避免危险，并从攻击情境中脱身。我们得出结论，关于矛盾情绪作为诱惑脚本核心成分的跨学科脚本知识，可能有助于抵消微妙的攻击意图并预防性虐待。我们将围绕先天与后天的争论以及人际接近行为及其神经机制的系统发生和个体发生方面来探讨这一问题。
