Cavanna Andrea E, Black Kevin J, Hallett Mark, Voon Valerie
This article represents the Report of the American Neuropsychiatric Association's Committee on Research (ANPA CoR).
From the Department of Neuropsychiatry Research Group, BSMHFT and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (AEC); the School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (AEC); the University College London and Institute of Neurology, London (AEC); the Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology, and Anatomy & Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (KJB); the Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (MH); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (VV); the Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom (VV); and the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (VV).
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2017 Spring;29(2):95-104. doi: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.16070141. Epub 2017 Jan 25.
Motor and vocal tics are relatively common motor manifestations identified as the core features of Tourette's syndrome (TS). Although traditional descriptions have focused on objective phenomenological observations, such as anatomical location, number and frequency of tics, patients' first-person accounts have consistently reported characteristic subjective correlates. These sensory phenomena are often described as a feeling of mounting inner tension or urge to move ("premonitory urge"), which is transiently relieved by tic expression. This article reviews the existing literature on the clinical and neurobiological aspects of the premonitory urge in patients with TS, with focus on its pathophysiology and possible treatment implications.
运动性和发声性抽动是相对常见的运动表现,被确定为妥瑞氏综合征(TS)的核心特征。尽管传统描述侧重于客观的现象学观察,如抽动的解剖位置、数量和频率,但患者的第一人称叙述一直报告有特征性的主观关联。这些感觉现象通常被描述为一种内心紧张加剧或想要运动的冲动感(“先兆冲动”),通过抽动表达可暂时缓解。本文综述了关于TS患者先兆冲动的临床和神经生物学方面的现有文献,重点关注其病理生理学和可能的治疗意义。