Walton Courtney C, Kavanagh Alexandra, Downey Luke A, Lomas Justine, Camfield David A, Stough Con
Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Brain & Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Transl Neurosci. 2014 Nov 14;6(1):13-19. doi: 10.1515/tnsci-2015-0003. eCollection 2015.
It has been argued that cognitive training may be effective in improving cognitive performance in healthy older adults. However, inappropriate active control groups often hinder the validity of these claims. Additionally there are relatively few independent empirical studies on popular commercially available cognitive training programs. The current research extends on previous work to explore cognitive training employing a more robust control group. Twenty-eight healthy older adults (age: M = 64.18, SD = 6.9) completed either a multi-faceted online computerised cognitive training program or trained on a simple reaction time task for 20 minutes a day over a 28 day period. Both groups significantly improved performance in multiple measures of processing speed. Only the treatment group displayed improved performance for measures of memory accuracy. These results suggest improvements in processing speed and visual working memory may be obtained over a short period of computerized cognitive training. However, gains over this time appear only to show near transfer. The use of similar active control groups in future research are needed in order to better understand changes in cognition after cognitive training.
有人认为，认知训练可能对改善健康老年人的认知表现有效。然而，不恰当的积极对照组常常会妨碍这些说法的有效性。此外，针对市面上流行的认知训练项目，相对独立的实证研究较少。当前的研究在先前工作的基础上进行拓展，采用更可靠的对照组来探索认知训练。28名健康老年人（年龄：M = 64.18，标准差 = 6.9）在28天的时间里，每天要么完成一个多方面的在线计算机化认知训练项目，要么进行20分钟的简单反应时任务训练。两组在多项处理速度测量指标上的表现均有显著提高。只有治疗组在记忆准确性测量指标上表现出改善。这些结果表明，通过短期的计算机化认知训练，处理速度和视觉工作记忆可能会得到改善。然而，这段时间内的收获似乎仅显示出近迁移效应。未来的研究需要使用类似的积极对照组，以便更好地理解认知训练后认知的变化。
