Hamer M, Bruwer E J, de Ridder J H, Swanepoel M, Kengne A P, Cockeran M, Malan L
Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), School for Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
School Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
J Hum Hypertens. 2017 Jun;31(6):409-414. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2016.93. Epub 2017 Jan 26.
Few studies have examined objective physical activity in relation to 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (BP). We aimed to assess the association of 7-day objectively measured habitual physical activity with ambulatory BP in a sample of African and Caucasian school teachers (n=216, age 49.7 years) from the sympathetic activity and blood pressure in Africans prospective cohort study. Hypertension (ambulatory systolic BP⩾130 and/or diastolic BP⩾80 mm Hg) was prevalent in 53.2% of the sample, particularly in black Africans. The hypertensive group spent significantly more awake time in sedentary activity (51.5% vs 40.8% of waking hours, P=0.001), as well as doing less light- (34.1% vs 38.9%, P=0.043) and moderate-intensity (14.0% vs 19.7%, P=0.032) activities compared with normotensives, respectively. In covariate adjusted models, light-intensity activity time was associated with lower 24 h and daytime ambulatory systolic BP (β=-0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.26, -0.05, P=0.004; β=-0.14, CI: -0.24, -0.03, P=0.011) and diastolic BP (β=-0.14, CI: -0.25, -0.03, P=0.015; β=-0.13, CI: -0.24, -0.01, P=0.030), as well as resting systolic BP (β=-0.13, CI: -0.24, -0.01, P=0.028). Sedentary time was associated only with 24 h systolic BP (β=0.12; CI: 0.01, 0.22), which was largely driven by night-time recordings. Participants in the upper sedentary tertile were more likely to be 'non-dippers' (odds ratio=2.11, 95% CI: 0.99, 4.46, P=0.052) compared with the lowest sedentary tertile. There were no associations between moderate to vigorous activity and BP. In conclusion, objectively assessed daily light physical activity was associated with ambulatory BP in a mixed ethnic sample.
很少有研究考察客观身体活动与24小时动态血压（BP）之间的关系。我们旨在评估在非洲裔和高加索裔学校教师样本（n = 216，年龄49.7岁）中，7天客观测量的习惯性身体活动与动态血压之间的关联，该样本来自非洲人交感神经活动和血压前瞻性队列研究。高血压（动态收缩压≥130和/或舒张压≥80 mmHg）在53.2%的样本中普遍存在，尤其是在非洲黑人中。与血压正常者相比，高血压组在久坐活动中花费的清醒时间显著更多（分别为清醒时间的51.5%和40.8%，P = 0.001），同时进行轻度（34.1%对38.9%，P = 0.043）和中度强度（14.0%对19.7%，P = 0.032）活动的时间更少。在协变量调整模型中，轻度强度活动时间与较低的24小时和日间动态收缩压（β = -0.15，95%置信区间（CI）：-0.26，-0.05，P = 0.004；β = -0.14，CI：-0.24，-0.03，P = 0.011）以及舒张压（β = -0.14，CI：-0.25，-0.03，P = 0.015；β = -0.13，CI：-0.24，-0.01，P = 0.030）相关，也与静息收缩压（β = -0.13，CI：-0.24，-0.01，P = 0.028）相关。久坐时间仅与24小时收缩压相关（β = 0.12；CI：0.01，0.22），这在很大程度上由夜间记录所驱动。与久坐时间最低的三分位数相比，久坐时间最高的三分位数参与者更有可能是“非勺型血压者”（优势比 = 2.11，95% CI：0.99，4.46，P = 0.052）。中度至剧烈活动与血压之间没有关联。总之，在一个混合种族样本中，客观评估的日常轻度身体活动与动态血压相关。
