Imai Shunji, Morishita Yuki, Hata Tomoyuki, Kondoh Masuo, Yagi Kiyohito, Gao Jian-Qing, Nagano Kazuya, Higashisaka Kazuma, Yoshioka Yasuo, Tsutsumi Yasuo
Laboratory of Toxicology and Safety Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017 Mar 11;484(3):543-549. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.114. Epub 2017 Jan 24.
When considering the safety of ingested nanomaterials, it is important to quantitate their transfer across intestinal cells; however, little information exists about the effects of nanomaterial size or exposure side (apical versus basolateral epithelial surface) on nanomaterial transfer. Here, we examined cellular internalization and transcellular transport, and the effects of nanomaterials on Caco-2 monolayers after apical or basolateral exposure to Ag or Au nanoparticles with various sizes. After apical treatment, both internalization and transfer to the basolateral side of the monolayers were greater for smaller Ag nanoparticles than for larger Ag nanoparticles. In contrast, after basolateral treatment, larger Ag nanoparticles were more internalized than smaller Ag nanoparticles, but the transfer to the apical side was greater for smaller Ag nanoparticles. Au nanoparticles showed different rules of internalization and transcellular transport compared with Ag nanoparticles. Furthermore, the paracellular permeability of the Caco-2 monolayers was temporarily increased by Ag nanoparticles (5 μg/mL; diameters, ≤10 nm) following basolateral but not apical exposure. We conclude that the internalization, transfer, and effects of nanomaterials in epithelial cell monolayers depend on the size and composition of nanomaterials, and the exposure side.
在考虑摄入的纳米材料的安全性时，定量其跨肠细胞的转运很重要；然而，关于纳米材料尺寸或暴露面（顶端与基底外侧上皮表面）对纳米材料转运的影响，目前所知甚少。在此，我们研究了细胞内化和跨细胞转运，以及顶端或基底外侧暴露于不同尺寸的银或金纳米颗粒后纳米材料对Caco-2单层细胞的影响。顶端处理后，较小的银纳米颗粒比大的银纳米颗粒在单层细胞的内化及向基底外侧的转运都更多。相反，基底外侧处理后，较大的银纳米颗粒比小的银纳米颗粒内化更多，但较小的银纳米颗粒向顶端的转运更多。与银纳米颗粒相比，金纳米颗粒表现出不同的内化和跨细胞转运规律。此外，基底外侧而非顶端暴露于银纳米颗粒（5μg/mL；直径≤10nm）后，Caco-2单层细胞的细胞旁通透性会暂时增加。我们得出结论，纳米材料在上皮细胞单层中的内化、转运及影响取决于纳米材料的尺寸、组成以及暴露面。
