Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, VanNuys Medical Science Building, MS 5055, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, VanNuys Medical Science Building, MS 5035, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1120 West Michigan Street, Suite 600, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2017 Mar;46(1):1-18. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2016.09.003. Epub 2016 Dec 12.
When normal physiologic functions go awry, disorders and disease occur. This is universal; even for the osteocyte, a cell embedded within the mineralized matrix of bone. It was once thought that this cell was simply a placeholder in bone. Within the last decade, the number of studies of osteocytes has increased dramatically, leading to the discovery of novel functions of these cells. With the discovery of novel physiologic functions came the discoveries of how these cells can also be responsible for not only bone diseases and disorders, but also those of the kidney, heart, and potentially muscle.
当正常的生理功能出现异常时,就会发生紊乱和疾病。这是普遍存在的;即使是骨细胞,一种嵌入骨矿物质基质中的细胞也是如此。曾经人们认为这种细胞只是骨中的一个占位细胞。在过去的十年中,对骨细胞的研究数量急剧增加,这导致了这些细胞的新功能的发现。随着对新的生理功能的发现,人们也发现这些细胞不仅可以导致骨骼疾病和紊乱,还可以导致肾脏、心脏,甚至肌肉的疾病和紊乱。