Blevins Claire E, Farris Samantha G, Brown Richard A, Strong David R, Abrantes Ana M
Virginia Tech, Department of Psychology ; Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior.
Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior ; University of Houston, Department of Psychology.
Addict Disord Their Treat. 2016 Dec;15(4):183-189. doi: 10.1097/ADT.0000000000000087.
Smoking cessation self-efficacy and adaptive coping are posited as two important treatment targets in smoking cessation interventions, especially in the context of handling strong urges to smoke. Yet, less is known about whether intervention-related changes in these constructs predict long-term smoking outcomes. The current study aimed to examine changes in smoking urges, smoking cessation self-efficacy, and adaptive coping following a health-focused and cognitive-behavioral telephone-delivered smoking cessation treatment, and the association to smoking reduction during long-term, 12-month follow-up.
Participants (n = 61) were daily smokers enrolled in a 12-week pilot trial that tested the efficacy of two different health-focused interventions with an adjunct of traditional telephone-delivered cessation counseling. Smoking urges, smoking cessation self-efficacy, and adaptive coping were assessed as baseline and immediately post-treatment. Average of seven-day cigarettes use per day were assessed at post-treatment, and 6- and 12-months post-baseline follow-up timepoints.
Smoking urges were significantly lower post-treatment, and smoking cessation self-efficacy and adaptive coping were significantly higher post-treatment, relative to baseline. After adjusting for baseline values, post-treatment smoking urges were significantly positively associated with cigarette use at post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Post-treatment smoking cessation self-efficacy, but not adaptive coping, was significantly negatively predictive of cigarette use at post-treatment and 6- and 12-month follow-up timepoints. Post-treatment smoking cessation self-efficacy emerged as significant indirect predictor of the association between post-treatment smoking urges and post-treatment cigarette use.
Interventions that target smoking cessation self-efficacy may facilitate long-term reductions in smoking among daily smokers undergoing a quit attempt.
戒烟自我效能感和适应性应对被认为是戒烟干预中的两个重要治疗目标，尤其是在应对强烈吸烟冲动的情况下。然而，对于这些构念中与干预相关的变化是否能预测长期吸烟结果，我们所知甚少。本研究旨在考察以健康为重点的认知行为电话戒烟治疗后吸烟冲动、戒烟自我效能感和适应性应对的变化，以及在为期12个月的长期随访中与吸烟减少的关联。
参与者（n = 61）为每日吸烟者，他们参加了一项为期12周的试点试验，该试验测试了两种不同的以健康为重点的干预措施，并辅以传统的电话戒烟咨询的效果。在基线和治疗结束后立即评估吸烟冲动、戒烟自我效能感和适应性应对。在治疗后、基线后6个月和12个月的随访时间点评估每日七天的平均香烟使用量。
与基线相比，治疗后吸烟冲动显著降低，戒烟自我效能感和适应性应对显著提高。在调整基线值后，治疗后的吸烟冲动与治疗后及6个月随访时的香烟使用量显著正相关。治疗后的戒烟自我效能感（而非适应性应对）在治疗后、6个月和12个月随访时间点对香烟使用量有显著负向预测作用。治疗后的戒烟自我效能感成为治疗后吸烟冲动与治疗后香烟使用量之间关联的显著间接预测因素。
针对戒烟自我效能感的干预措施可能有助于正在尝试戒烟的每日吸烟者长期减少吸烟量。
