Greenblatt Rebecca, Mansour Omar, Zhao Edward, Ross Michelle, Himes Blanca E
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, 219 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Asthma Res Pract. 2017 Jan 24;3:2. doi: 10.1186/s40733-017-0030-5. eCollection 2017.
Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease affecting over 18.7 million American adults, has marked disparities by gender, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Our goal was to identify gender-specific demographic and socioeconomic determinants of asthma prevalence among U.S. adults using data from the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Gender-specific regression analyses were performed to model the relationship between asthma prevalence with age, race/ethnicity, income, education level, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI), while taking into account the study designs.
Based on BRFSS data from 1,003,894 respondents, weighted asthma prevalence was 6.2% in males and 10.6% in females. Asthma prevalence among and vs. women was 2.5 and 3.5 times higher, respectively, while that in men was 1.7 and 2.4 times higher; asthma prevalence among vs. women was 1.4 times higher, while that in men was 1.1 times higher. Similar results were obtained with NHANES data from 13,364 respondents: asthma prevalence among and vs. respondents was 2.0 and 3.3 times higher for women, though there was no significant difference for men; asthma prevalence among vs. was 1.8 times higher for women and not significantly different in men. Asthma prevalence by race/ethnicity and income levels did not differ considerably between men and women.
Our results underscore the importance of obesity and smoking as modifiable asthma risk factors that most strongly affect women.
哮喘是一种影响超过1870万美国成年人的慢性呼吸道疾病，在性别、种族/族裔和社会经济地位方面存在显著差异。我们的目标是利用行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）和国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，确定美国成年人中哮喘患病率的性别特异性人口统计学和社会经济决定因素。
进行性别特异性回归分析，以建立哮喘患病率与年龄、种族/族裔、收入、教育水平、吸烟状况和体重指数（BMI）之间的关系，同时考虑研究设计。
根据来自1003894名受访者的BRFSS数据，男性加权哮喘患病率为6.2%，女性为10.6%。西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人女性的哮喘患病率分别是白人女性的2.5倍和3.5倍，而男性则分别是1.7倍和2.4倍；西班牙裔与白人女性相比，哮喘患病率高1.4倍，男性高1.1倍。从13364名受访者的NHANES数据中也得到了类似结果：西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人女性与白人受访者相比，哮喘患病率分别高2.0倍和3.3倍，男性则无显著差异；西班牙裔与白人相比，女性哮喘患病率高1.8倍，男性无显著差异。按种族/族裔和收入水平划分的哮喘患病率在男性和女性之间没有显著差异。
我们的结果强调了肥胖和吸烟作为可改变的哮喘危险因素的重要性，这些因素对女性影响最大。
