Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 31;7:41594. doi: 10.1038/srep41594.
In this paper, we report an in vitro co-culture system that combines mammalian cells and algae, Chlorococcum littorale, to create a three-dimensional (3-D) tissue. While the C2C12 mouse myoblasts and rat cardiac cells consumed oxygen actively, intense oxygen production was accounted for by the algae even in the co-culture system. Although cell metabolism within thicker cardiac cell-layered tissues showed anaerobic respiration, the introduction of innovative co-cultivation partially changed the metabolism to aerobic respiration. Moreover, the amount of glucose consumption and lactate production in the cardiac tissues and the amount of ammonia in the culture media decreased significantly when co-cultivated with algae. In the cardiac tissues devoid of algae, delamination was observed histologically, and the release of creatine kinase (CK) from the tissues showed severe cardiac cell damage. On the other hand, the layered cell tissues with algae were observed to be in a good histological condition, with less than one-fifth decline in CK release. The co-cultivation with algae improved the culture condition of the thicker tissues, resulting in the formation of 160 μm-thick cardiac tissues. Thus, the present study proposes the possibility of creating an in vitro "symbiotic recycling system" composed of mammalian cells and algae.
本文报告了一种体外共培养系统，该系统结合了哺乳动物细胞和藻类（Chlorococcum littorale），以创建三维（3-D）组织。虽然 C2C12 小鼠成肌细胞和大鼠心脏细胞积极消耗氧气，但藻类在共培养系统中产生了强烈的氧气。尽管较厚的心脏细胞层组织内的细胞代谢显示出无氧呼吸，但创新的共培养方法部分将代谢改变为有氧呼吸。此外，当与藻类共培养时，心脏组织中的葡萄糖消耗和乳酸产量以及培养基中的氨含量显著降低。在没有藻类的心脏组织中，组织学观察到分层，组织中肌酸激酶（CK）的释放显示出严重的心肌细胞损伤。另一方面，具有藻类的分层细胞组织观察到良好的组织学状态，CK 释放的减少不到五分之一。藻类的共培养改善了较厚组织的培养条件，形成了 160μm 厚的心脏组织。因此，本研究提出了创建由哺乳动物细胞和藻类组成的体外“共生回收系统”的可能性。
