Research Department of Infection and Population Health, Mortimer Market Centre, University College London, Capper Street, London, WC1E 6JB, UK.
Department of Psychology, King's College London, London, UK.
AIDS Behav. 2018 May;22(5):1573-1583. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1683-z.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in 448 HIV positive patients attending five European outpatient clinics to determine prevalence of and factors associated with neurocognitive impairment (NCI) using computerized and pen-and-paper neuropsychological tests. NCI was defined as a normalized Z score ≤-1 in at least 2 out of 5 cognitive domains. Participants' mean age was 45.8 years; 84% male; 87% white; 56% university educated; median CD4 count 550 cells/mm; 89% on antiretroviral therapy. 156 (35%) participants had NCI, among whom 26 (17%; 5.8% overall) reported a decline in activities of daily living. Prevalence of NCI was lower in those always able to afford basic needs (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.94) or with a university education (aPR 0.72, 95% CI 0.54-0.97) and higher in those with severe depressive symptoms (aPR 1.53, 95% CI 1.09-2.14) or a significant comorbid condition (aPR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.90).
我们在欧洲的五家门诊诊所对 448 名 HIV 阳性患者进行了一项横断面研究，旨在使用计算机化和纸笔神经心理学测试来确定神经认知障碍（NCI）的患病率以及与之相关的因素。NCI 定义为至少 5 个认知域中的 2 个的标准化 Z 分数≤-1。参与者的平均年龄为 45.8 岁；84%为男性；87%为白人；56%受过大学教育；中位数 CD4 计数为 550 个细胞/mm；89%接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。156 名（35%）参与者存在 NCI，其中 26 名（17%；总体 5.8%）报告日常生活活动能力下降。在那些始终能够负担基本需求的参与者（调整后的患病率比[aPR]0.71，95%置信区间[CI]0.54-0.94）或具有大学教育背景的参与者（aPR 0.72，95%CI 0.54-0.97）中，NCI 的患病率较低，而在那些存在严重抑郁症状（aPR 1.53，95%CI 1.09-2.14）或存在显著合并症的参与者（aPR 1.40，95%CI 1.03-1.90）中，NCI 的患病率较高。
