Poudel Govinda R, Bhattarai Anjan, Dickinson David L, Drummond Sean P A
aSchool of Psychological Sciences, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia bDepartment of Economics and the CERPA (Center for Economic Research and Policy Analysis), Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina cESI (Economic Science Institute), Chapman University, Orange dDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA eIZA (Institute for the Study of Labor), Bonn, Germany.
Neuroreport. 2017 Mar 1;28(4):193-199. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000730.
Many critical decisions require evaluation of accumulated previous information and/or newly acquired evidence. Although neural correlates of belief updating have been investigated, how these neural processes guide decisions involving Bayesian choice is less clear. Here, we used functional MRI to investigate neural activity during a Bayesian choice task involving two sources of information: base rate odds ('odds') and sample evidence ('evidence'). Thirty-seven healthy control individuals performed the Bayesian choice task in which they had to make probability judgements. Average functional MRI activity during the trials where choice was consistent with use of Odds, use of Evidence, and use of Both was compared. Decision-making consistent with odds, evidence and both each strongly activated the bilateral executive network encompassing the bilateral frontal, cingulate, posterior parietal and occipital cortices. The Evidence consistent, compared with Odds consistent, decisions showed greater activity in the bilateral middle and inferior frontal and right lateral occipital cortices. Decisions consistent with the use of Both strategies were associated with increased activity in the bilateral middle frontal and superior frontal cortices. These findings support the conclusion that both overlapping and distinct brain regions within the frontoparietal network underlie the incorporation of different types of information into a Bayesian decision.
许多关键决策需要对先前积累的信息和/或新获取的证据进行评估。尽管已经对信念更新的神经关联进行了研究，但这些神经过程如何指导涉及贝叶斯选择的决策尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用功能磁共振成像来研究在涉及两种信息来源的贝叶斯选择任务中的神经活动：基础概率比值（“比值”）和样本证据（“证据”）。37名健康对照个体执行了贝叶斯选择任务，在此任务中他们必须做出概率判断。比较了在选择与使用比值、使用证据和同时使用两者一致的试验期间的平均功能磁共振成像活动。与比值一致、证据一致和两者一致的决策分别强烈激活了包含双侧额叶、扣带回、顶叶后部和枕叶皮质的双侧执行网络。与比值一致的决策相比，证据一致的决策在双侧额中回和额下回以及右侧枕叶外侧皮质表现出更大的活动。与同时使用两种策略一致的决策与双侧额中回和额上回皮质的活动增加有关。这些发现支持这样的结论，即额顶叶网络内重叠和不同的脑区是将不同类型的信息纳入贝叶斯决策的基础。
