2010年和2014年中国沈阳儿童及青少年肥胖、超重和营养不良的趋势：一项多横断面研究
Trends in obesity, overweight, and malnutrition among children and adolescents in Shenyang, China in 2010 and 2014: a multiple cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Zhai Lingling, Dong Youdan, Bai Yinglong, Wei Wei, Jia Lihong
机构信息
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, People's Republic of China.
Department of Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2017 Feb 2;17(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4072-7.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence, characteristics, and trends in obesity, overweight, and malnutrition among children and adolescents in 2010 and 2014 in Shenyang, China was described.
METHODS
This was a multiple cross-sectional study using data from the 2010 and 2014 National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health. A total of 31,031 children and adolescents were included in this survey. Differences in the percentages of obesity, overweight, and malnutrition by age, gender, and living region in 2010 and 2014 were compared using the χ2 test. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to select potential covariates for the dependent variable (overweight, obesity, or malnutrition).
RESULTS
The prevalence of obesity and overweight in 2010 was 8.99% and 13.72%, respectively, and 12.64% and 14.06% in 2014, respectively. The prevalence of malnutrition was 10.68% and 10.69% in 2010, and 2014, respectively. In 2010 and 2014, boys and girls 7-11 years of age had higher rates of obesity than other age groups (P < 0.01). The prevalence of obesity and overweight was significantly higher in the urban residents compared to the rural residents, and was also significantly higher in boys than girls (P < 0.01); however, the prevalence of malnutrition was significantly lower in boys than girls (P < 0.01). Compared to 2010, the prevalence of obesity in 2014 increased significantly in boys and girls, and urban and rural residents (P < 0.05), but the prevalence of malnutrition did not change. The prevalence of obesity, overweight, and malnutrition was associated with gender, age, and living region by univariate logistic regressions.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of obesity and overweight has continuously risen since 2010, and there is a low-age trend of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents in Shenyang, China. The increasing rate of obesity and overweight was faster in rural than urban areas. Malnutrition did not significantly decrease during the 4-year period from 2010-2014.
背景
描述了2010年和2014年中国沈阳儿童及青少年肥胖、超重和营养不良的患病率、特征及趋势。
方法
这是一项利用2010年和2014年全国学生体质与健康调研数据的多横断面研究。本调查共纳入31,031名儿童及青少年。采用χ2检验比较2010年和2014年按年龄、性别及居住地区划分的肥胖、超重和营养不良百分比差异。进行逐步逻辑回归以选择因变量（超重、肥胖或营养不良）的潜在协变量。
结果
2010年肥胖和超重的患病率分别为8.99%和13.72%，2014年分别为12.64%和14.06%。2010年和2014年营养不良的患病率分别为10.68%和10.69%。2010年和2014年，7至11岁的男孩和女孩肥胖率高于其他年龄组（P<0.01）。城市居民的肥胖和超重患病率显著高于农村居民，男孩也显著高于女孩（P<0.01）；然而，男孩的营养不良患病率显著低于女孩（P<0.01）。与2010年相比，2014年男孩、女孩、城市和农村居民的肥胖患病率均显著增加（P<0.05），但营养不良患病率未改变。单因素逻辑回归显示肥胖、超重和营养不良的患病率与性别、年龄和居住地区有关。
结论
自2010年以来，肥胖和超重患病率持续上升，中国沈阳儿童及青少年肥胖和超重呈低龄化趋势。农村地区肥胖和超重的增长率高于城市地区。2010年至2014年的4年间，营养不良情况未显著改善。
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