Bon Marta, Topič Mojca Doupona, Šibila Marko
University of Ljubljana; Faculty of Sport; Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Hum Kinet. 2016 Apr 13;50:115-123. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0159. eCollection 2016 Apr 1.
The main purpose of this research was to study the characteristics of migration in European women's handball based on the Slovenian example and to find the differences between the foreigners coming to Slovenia and the Slovenians transferring to foreign clubs. The research was based on 16 open face-to-face semi-structured interviews (8 Slovenians (age 29.5 ± 6.2 years) and 8 foreigners (age 35.5 ± 8.7 years)). We found out that the most powerful factor in foreigners was the financial one, while within Slovenian players it was their personal desire for progression within their sport, the club's reputation and poor conditions in their previous club. The results confirm that when making a decision on transfer, all players had the support of family and friends, while the clubs of foreign players were not as supportive. Most interviewees considered their careers successful and did not regret going abroad. The research indicates that the largest differences discovered between Slovenians and foreigners were that foreign female players chose to stay in the new country (Slovenia), while domestic players returned home after few years playing abroad. In conclusion, the results show that in top-level handball there are important differences between migration models which are based on nationality and also that the migration models change throughout time, which is largely connected with the socioeconomic events in the country of origin or transfer.
本研究的主要目的是以斯洛文尼亚为例，研究欧洲女子手球运动员的转会特征，并找出前往斯洛文尼亚的外国球员与转会至国外俱乐部的斯洛文尼亚球员之间的差异。该研究基于16次开放式面对面半结构化访谈（8名斯洛文尼亚人（年龄29.5±6.2岁）和8名外国人（年龄35.5±8.7岁））。我们发现，对外国人来说最有力的因素是经济因素，而在斯洛文尼亚球员中，是他们个人在体育领域取得进步的愿望、俱乐部的声誉以及他们之前俱乐部的糟糕条件。结果证实，在做出转会决定时，所有球员都得到了家人和朋友的支持，而外国球员的俱乐部支持力度则没那么大。大多数受访者认为他们的职业生涯很成功，并不后悔出国。研究表明，斯洛文尼亚人和外国人之间发现的最大差异在于，外国女球员选择留在新国家（斯洛文尼亚），而国内球员在国外踢了几年球后就回国了。总之，结果表明，在顶级手球运动中，基于国籍的转会模式存在重要差异，而且转会模式会随着时间变化，这在很大程度上与原籍国或转会国的社会经济事件有关。
