Fessel Melissa M, Mann Maren, Miyawaki Christina E, Rosenberg Dori E
J Gerontol Nurs. 2017 May 1;43(5):39-48. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20170131-01. Epub 2017 Feb 2.
Single-component interventions for modifiable risk factors to improve cognitive function in older adults have limited impacts. Multi-component interventions may be more effective. The current review describes randomized trials of multi-component interventions, and reports the state of the evidence to protect the cognitive health and reduce the risk of cognitive decline among middle-aged and older adults. Two hundred seventy-nine studies were found through electronic databases, 30 full-text reviews were completed, and six studies were identified for final selection. Findings suggest that a multi-component approach is promising compared to single-component interventions. Most multi-component intervention studies found improvement in at least one domain of cognitive function. However, the quality of multi-component studies was largely fair or poor primarily due to small samples and short trial durations. There is a need for more rigorous studies of multi-component interventions and to refine the knowledge on the specific interventions that optimize prevention domains. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 43(5), 39-48.].
针对可改变的风险因素进行的单组分干预对改善老年人认知功能的影响有限。多组分干预可能更有效。当前的综述描述了多组分干预的随机试验，并报告了保护认知健康以及降低中老年成年人认知衰退风险的证据状况。通过电子数据库检索到279项研究，完成了30篇全文综述，并确定了6项研究以供最终筛选。研究结果表明，与单组分干预相比，多组分方法很有前景。大多数多组分干预研究发现至少一个认知功能领域有所改善。然而，多组分研究的质量大多为中等或较差，主要原因是样本量小和试验持续时间短。需要对多组分干预进行更严格的研究，并完善关于优化预防领域的具体干预措施的知识。[《老年护理杂志》，43(5)，39 - 48。]
