Hefner Kathryn, Valentine Gerald, Sofuoglu Mehmet
Veterans Health Administration Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), West Haven, Connecticut.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Am J Addict. 2017 Jun;26(4):306-315. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12504. Epub 2017 Feb 2.
Adults with mental illness (MI) use combustible tobacco at increased rates and have greater difficulty quitting smoking. Given the increasing popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), their use by those with MI has important health implications. While preliminary evidence suggests potential benefits of e-cigarette use for those with MI, well-controlled, systematic research examining appeal, correlates, and consequences of e-cigarette use in this vulnerable population is lacking. This review evaluated current knowledge of e-cigarette use and potential for help and/or harm among adults with MI.
The search strategy resulted in k = 88 reports, of which k = 9 were deemed relevant.
E-cigarette use is prevalent among those with MI, as is concurrent use of e-cigarettes and combustibles. E-cigarettes appeal to those with MI as a viable alternative to combustible tobacco, and their use does not appear to exacerbate nicotine addiction or psychiatric symptoms. However, the long-term impact of e-cigarette use on combustible tobacco use and other health indices is largely unknown.
Rigorous research and improved knowledge regarding risks and benefits of e-cigarette use within this vulnerable population are needed to inform whether special consideration is warranted towards those with MI in developing tobacco control policies and health communications. Recommendations for future e-cigarette research include improved assessment of the following: 1) psychodiagnostic variability, 2) flavor preferences, 3) the longitudinal impact on combustible tobacco use, and 4) impact of tobacco product communications.
As with combustible cigarettes, individuals with MI may display unique e-cigarette use patterns from that of the general population. (Am J Addict 2017;26:306-315).
患有精神疾病（MI）的成年人使用可燃烟草的比例较高，且戒烟难度更大。鉴于电子烟日益普及，MI患者使用电子烟对健康具有重要影响。虽然初步证据表明电子烟对MI患者可能有益，但缺乏针对这一弱势群体使用电子烟的吸引力、相关因素及后果进行的严格控制的系统性研究。本综述评估了MI成年患者使用电子烟的现有知识以及其带来帮助和/或危害的可能性。
检索策略共得到k = 88份报告，其中k = 9份被认为相关。
电子烟在MI患者中很普遍，同时使用电子烟和可燃烟草的情况也很常见。电子烟对MI患者有吸引力，可作为可燃烟草的可行替代品，而且使用电子烟似乎不会加剧尼古丁成瘾或精神症状。然而，电子烟使用对可燃烟草使用和其他健康指标的长期影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。
需要对这一弱势群体使用电子烟的风险和益处进行严谨研究并增进了解，以便在制定烟草控制政策和健康宣传时，确定是否需要对MI患者给予特殊考虑。对未来电子烟研究的建议包括改进以下方面的评估：1）心理诊断变异性；2）口味偏好；3）对可燃烟草使用的纵向影响；4）烟草产品宣传的影响。
与可燃香烟一样，MI患者可能表现出与普通人群不同的独特电子烟使用模式。（《美国成瘾杂志》2017年；26：306 - 315）
