Yamauchi Takashi, Yoshikawa Toru, Takamoto Masahiro, Sasaki Takeshi, Matsumoto Shun, Kayashima Kotaro, Takeshima Tadashi, Takahashi Masaya
Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan.
College of Education, Yokohama National University, Japan.
Ind Health. 2017 Jun 8;55(3):293-302. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2016-0198. Epub 2017 Jan 31.
Overwork-related disorders, such as cerebrovascular/cardiovascular diseases (CCVD) and mental disorders due to overwork, are a major occupational and public health issue worldwide, particularly in East Asian countries. This report discusses the recent trend of overwork-related disorders in Japan from the perspective of workers' compensated occupational diseases, as well as the development of a national policy for preventive measures against overwork-related disorders in Japan. Recently, the number of claimed and compensated cases of occupational mental disorders has increased substantially, particularly among young workers, as compared to those of occupational CCVD. In response to these situations and action from society, the Japanese Government passed the "Act on Promotion of Preventive Measures against Karoshi and Other Overwork-Related Health Disorders" in June 2014 to develop a national initiative towards the prevention of overwork-related disorders. Changes in the trend of overwork-related disorders in Japan under a legal foundation and an initiative by the central government should be closely monitored so that other countries can benefit from the experiences.
与过度劳累相关的疾病，如脑血管/心血管疾病（CCVD）以及因过度劳累导致的精神障碍，是全球范围内一个主要的职业和公共卫生问题，在东亚国家尤为突出。本报告从工人的职业补偿性疾病角度探讨了日本近期与过度劳累相关疾病的趋势，以及日本针对与过度劳累相关疾病的预防措施制定国家政策的情况。最近，与职业性CCVD相比，职业性精神障碍的索赔和获赔案例数量大幅增加，尤其是在年轻工人中。针对这些情况以及社会的行动，日本政府于2014年6月通过了《促进预防过劳死及其他与过度劳累相关健康障碍法案》，以推动全国性的预防与过度劳累相关疾病的倡议。应密切监测在法律基础和中央政府倡议下日本与过度劳累相关疾病趋势的变化，以便其他国家能够从中受益。
