Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Dep. Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Carrer de Ca n'Altayó s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Compr Psychiatry. 2017 Apr;74:118-124. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.01.012. Epub 2017 Jan 23.
Food addiction has been widely researched in past years. However, there is a debate on the mechanisms underlying addictive eating and a better understanding of the processes associated to these behaviors is needed. Previous studies have found characteristic psychological correlates of food addiction, such as high negative urgency, emotion regulation difficulties and low self-directedness, in different samples of adults with addictive eating patterns. Still, it seems difficult to disentangle effects independent from general eating disorder psychopathology. Therefore, this study aimed to test a comprehensive model under control of eating disorder severity, in order to find independent predictors of food addiction.
315 patients with eating disorder diagnoses on the binge-eating spectrum were assessed in personality, emotion regulation, negative urgency, eating disorder symptomatology, and food addiction by self-report. Hypothesis-driven structural equation modeling was conducted to test the comprehensive model.
The only independent predictor found for food addiction was negative urgency, while self-directedness and emotion regulation predicted negative urgency and were highly related to eating disorder symptomatology, but not to food addiction.
Altogether the model suggests that low self-directedness and difficulties in emotion regulation are related to higher eating disorder symptomatology in general. Those patients who, in addition to these traits, tend to act impulsively when in negative mood states, are at risk for developing addictive eating patterns. Urgency-based treatments are therefore recommended for this subgroup of patients.
近年来，人们对食物成瘾进行了广泛的研究。然而，对于导致暴食行为的机制仍存在争议，因此需要进一步了解与这些行为相关的过程。先前的研究在不同的具有暴食行为模式的成年人群体中发现了与食物成瘾相关的典型心理特征，如高负性冲动、情绪调节困难和低自我指导。尽管如此，似乎很难将这些特征与一般的饮食障碍病理分开。因此，本研究旨在控制饮食障碍严重程度的前提下，测试一个综合模型，以找到食物成瘾的独立预测因素。
通过自我报告，对 315 名患有暴食谱系障碍的患者进行人格、情绪调节、负性冲动、饮食障碍症状和食物成瘾评估。采用假设驱动的结构方程模型来测试综合模型。
唯一发现的与食物成瘾有关的独立预测因素是负性冲动，而自我指导和情绪调节则预测负性冲动，与饮食障碍症状高度相关，但与食物成瘾无关。
总的来说，该模型表明，低自我指导和情绪调节困难与一般饮食障碍症状相关。那些除了这些特征外，在消极情绪状态下容易冲动行事的患者，更容易出现成瘾性的进食模式。因此，建议对这组患者采用基于冲动的治疗方法。
