Roux Pauline, Guillien Alicia, Soumagne Thibaud, Ritter Ophélie, Laplante Jean-Jacques, Travers Cécile, Dalphin Jean-Charles, Peiffer Gérard, Laurent Lucie, Degano Bruno
Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU), Besançon, France.
Service de Pneumologie, CHRU, Besançon, France.
BMC Public Health. 2017 Feb 4;17(1):166. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4030-4.
Farmers are exposed to multiple air contaminants that may interact with tobacco smoking in the development of respiratory diseases. Farmers are currently considered to smoke less than non-farmers, but precise data in different categories of age and farming activities are lacking.
Smoking habits were studied in a cross-sectional study involving 4105 farmers and 996 non-farming controls aged 40-74 years in 9 French departments between October 2012 and May 2013. Three age groups were defined (40-54, 55-64 and 65-74years). Farmers were divided into four activity groups, namely cattle breeders, livestock farmers working in confined spaces, crop farmers and others. Smoking prevalence was compared between farmers and controls, and odds ratios (ORs) for smoking adjusted for age were calculated.
The adjusted OR for ever-smoking was lower among farmers than among non-farmers in all age categories, but the ORs for current smoking were similar in farmers and controls. Smoking prevalence varied according to the type of farming activity, and was lower than in non-farming controls only among cattle breeders and confined livestock farmers. In farmers, the proportion of smokers was higher in the youngest age categories compared with the older age classes.
Our results confirm that the prevalence of ever-smokers is lower in farmers than in non-farmers. Nevertheless, our data show that active smoking prevalence is similar in farmers and in non-farmers. This suggests that farmers, just like non-farmers, should be targeted by primary prevention campaigns against smoking.
农民暴露于多种空气污染物中，这些污染物在呼吸道疾病的发生发展过程中可能与吸烟相互作用。目前认为农民的吸烟量少于非农民，但缺乏不同年龄类别和农业活动的精确数据。
在2012年10月至2013年5月期间，对法国9个部门的4105名年龄在40 - 74岁的农民和996名非农民对照进行了一项横断面研究，以研究吸烟习惯。定义了三个年龄组（40 - 54岁、55 - 64岁和65 - 74岁）。农民被分为四个活动组，即养牛户、在密闭空间工作的畜牧养殖户、作物种植户和其他农户。比较了农民和对照组之间的吸烟率，并计算了按年龄调整后的吸烟比值比（OR）。
在所有年龄类别中，农民曾经吸烟的调整后OR低于非农民，但当前吸烟的OR在农民和对照组中相似。吸烟率因农业活动类型而异，仅在养牛户和密闭空间畜牧养殖户中低于非农民对照组。在农民中，最年轻年龄组的吸烟者比例高于较年长年龄组。
我们的结果证实，农民中曾经吸烟者的患病率低于非农民。然而，我们的数据表明，农民和非农民中的当前吸烟患病率相似。这表明，与非农民一样，农民也应成为吸烟初级预防运动的目标人群。
