1 University of Vienna, Austria.
2 Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
J Atten Disord. 2019 Oct;23(12):1383-1395. doi: 10.1177/1087054717690232. Epub 2017 Feb 5.
The aim of this study is as follows: (a) exploring retrospective childhood and adult ADHD symptomatology in treatment-seeking gamblers, (b) providing detailed characteristics of the association between pathological gambling (PG) and ADHD, and (c) identifying risk factors for a history of ADHD. Eighty problem gamblers (20% female) were examined using a standardized interview (PG: [4th ed.; ] criteria, Gambling Attitudes and Beliefs Survey; ADHD: Wender Utah Rating Scale-, Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale; comorbidities: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). Forty-three percentage of patients screened positive for childhood ADHD, and in 11%, ADHD persisted in adulthood. Patients with adult ADHD had more severe gambling problems ( = .009, = 1.03) and a higher number of psychiatric comorbidities ( < .001, = 1.62) compared with those without ADHD. Substance abuse/dependence constituted a predictor for having a history of ADHD (odds ratio [OR] = 4.07, = .025). ADHD-PG comorbidity is linked to factors that worsen the prognosis. Thus, screening for ADHD and verifying persistence in adulthood should be an integral component in the treatment of problem/pathological gamblers.
（a）探索寻求治疗的赌徒中回溯性的儿童期和成年期 ADHD 症状；（b）详细描述病理性赌博（PG）与 ADHD 之间的关联特征；（c）确定 ADHD 病史的风险因素。使用标准化访谈（PG：[第 4 版；]标准、赌博态度和信念调查；ADHD：Wender Utah 评定量表-成人 ADHD 自评量表；合并症：迷你国际神经精神访谈）对 80 名问题赌徒（20%为女性）进行了检查。43%的患者筛查出儿童期 ADHD，11%的患者 ADHD 持续到成年期。与无 ADHD 的患者相比，患有成年 ADHD 的患者有更严重的赌博问题（ =.009， = 1.03）和更多的精神共病（ <.001， = 1.62）。物质滥用/依赖是 ADHD 病史的预测因素（比值比 [OR] = 4.07， =.025）。ADHD-PG 共病与预后恶化的因素有关。因此，对 ADHD 进行筛查并确认成年期的持续性应成为治疗问题/病理性赌徒的一个组成部分。
