Pryor J Luke, Root Hayley J, Vandermark Lesley W, Pryor Riana R, Martinez Jessica C, Trojian Thomas H, Denegar Craig R, DiStefano Lindsay J
Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, USA; Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fresno, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, USA.
J Sci Med Sport. 2017 Sep;20(9):861-866. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.235. Epub 2017 Jan 24.
Long-term implementation of preventive training programs (PTP) in youth sport requires coach involvement. However, the optimal training of coaches to effectively implement a PTP remains unknown. It is also unknown if the benefits of PTP can be enhanced with multiple sport seasons of exposure.
To evaluate the influence of prior PTP exposure on movement technique in youth soccer players after completing a coach-led PTP.
Cluster-randomized controlled trial.
Twelve youth soccer teams (n=89; age range 8-14 years) were divided into groups with (Experience (EXP); 6 teams [n=18 females, n=25 males]) and without (Novice (NOV); 6 teams [n=30 females, n=16 males]) previous professional-led PTP experience. The coaches and players of the EXP teams were exposed to an eight-week professional-led PTP before the coach-led PTP. EXP and NOV coaches attended the educational workshop prior to implementing the coach-led PTP. The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) was used to evaluate movement technique.
Both groups improved LESS scores over time (mean difference±SD [post-pre]=-0.8±0.2, 95%CI [-1.2, -0.4], p=0.0001). Of the 64 participants classified as high risk for injury (LESS ≥5) prior to PTP implementation, a greater proportion of EXP (n=14) compared to NOV (n=7) participants changed risk classification from high to low (LESSΔ≥1 and LESS <5; p=0.03).
Our PTP enhanced movement technique regardless of PTP experience, but the benefits of the PTP impacted a proportionally greater number of players with previous PTP experience supporting continued PTP implementation. Coaches effectively implemented an exercise-based PTP after attending a training workshop regardless of previous PTP experience.
在青少年体育运动中，长期实施预防性训练计划（PTP）需要教练的参与。然而，如何对教练进行最佳培训以有效实施PTP仍然未知。此外，PTP的益处是否能通过多个运动赛季的接触得到增强也尚不清楚。
评估在完成由教练主导的PTP后，先前接触PTP对青少年足球运动员运动技术的影响。
整群随机对照试验。
12支青少年足球队（n = 89；年龄范围8 - 14岁）被分为有（经验组（EXP）；6支球队[n = 18名女性，n = 25名男性]）和没有（新手组（NOV）；6支球队[n = 30名女性，n = 16名男性]）先前由专业人员主导的PTP经验的组。EXP组的教练和球员在由教练主导的PTP之前接受了为期八周的由专业人员主导的PTP。EXP组和NOV组的教练在实施由教练主导的PTP之前参加了教育研讨会。使用落地误差评分系统（LESS）评估运动技术。
两组的LESS评分均随时间改善（平均差值±标准差[后 - 前]= -0.8±0.2，95%置信区间[-1.2，-0.4]，p = 0.0001）。在PTP实施前被归类为高损伤风险（LESS≥5）的64名参与者中，与NOV组（n = 7）相比，EXP组中有更大比例的参与者（n = 14）将风险分类从高变为低（LESS变化量≥1且LESS <5；p = 0.03）。
我们的PTP提高了运动技术，无论PTP经验如何，但PTP的益处对先前有PTP经验的球员影响比例更大，这支持继续实施PTP。无论先前的PTP经验如何，教练在参加培训研讨会后都有效地实施了基于运动的PTP。
