Nuhu Assuman, Jelsma Jennifer, Dunleavy Kim, Burgess Theresa
Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
PLoS One. 2021 May 24;16(5):e0251839. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251839. eCollection 2021.
Soccer players incur injuries that typically affect their performance. Injuries are caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors that call for multifactorial preventive interventions. The study examines the impact of the FIFA 11+ warm up programme on the incidence and severity of injuries in second division soccer players in Rwanda.
Twelve teams (309 players) were randomised in the intervention group and 12 teams (317 players) in the control group using a cluster randomized controlled trial with teams as the unit of randomization. Intervention group teams implemented the FIFA 11+ soccer specific warm-up programme during training and matches at least three times a week over seven months of the Rwandan soccer season. Control group teams continued with usual warm up exercises. The primary outcome of this study was the overall incidence of training and match injuries. Injuries, training and match exposure as well as severity categories were recorded per the F-MARC guidelines.
A lower proportion of players sustained injuries in the intervention group (52%) compared to the control group (63%) (Odd ratio: 0.7; 95%CI: 0.5-0.9). A significantly lower rate ratio was observed in the intervention group for overall (RR = 0.6; 95%CI: 0.5-0.8) and match (RR = 0.6; 95%CI: 0.5-0.8) injuries. Compliance to the injury prevention programme was 77%. In the intervention group, the incidence of injury was similar across all teams and across the medium and highly compliant teams. There was a statistically significant 55% and 71% reduction of the rate of moderate and severe injuries in the intervention group respectively.
The 11+ warm up injury prevention programme resulted in a significant reduction in the odds of sustaining injuries. In addition, injuries sustained were less severe. The programme should be rolled out to all teams in Rwanda and may well result in a decrease in the incidence and severity of injury in similar contexts.
Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR201505001045388).
足球运动员受伤通常会影响其表现。受伤是由内在和外在因素引起的，这需要多因素预防干预措施。本研究探讨了国际足联11+热身计划对卢旺达二级足球运动员受伤发生率和严重程度的影响。
采用整群随机对照试验，以球队为随机单位，将12支球队（309名球员）随机分为干预组，12支球队（317名球员）随机分为对照组。干预组球队在卢旺达足球赛季为期七个月的训练和比赛期间，每周至少三次实施国际足联11+足球专项热身计划。对照组球队继续进行常规热身练习。本研究的主要结果是训练和比赛受伤的总体发生率。根据国际足联医学委员会（F-MARC）指南记录受伤情况、训练和比赛暴露情况以及严重程度类别。
与对照组（63%）相比，干预组中受伤的球员比例较低（52%）（比值比：0.7；95%置信区间：0.5-0.9）。干预组总体（风险比=0.6；95%置信区间：0.5-0.8）和比赛（风险比=0.6；95%置信区间：0.5-0.8）受伤的发生率显著较低。对预防受伤计划的依从率为77%。在干预组中，所有球队以及中度和高度依从球队的受伤发生率相似。干预组中度和重度受伤率分别显著降低了55%和71%。
11+热身预防受伤计划显著降低了受伤几率。此外，所受伤害的严重程度较低。该计划应推广到卢旺达的所有球队，并且很可能会降低类似情况下受伤的发生率和严重程度。
泛非临床试验注册中心（注册号：PACTR201505001045388）
