Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, P. R. China.
Poult Sci. 2017 Jul 1;96(7):2351-2359. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew481.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal dietary supplementations with different zinc (Zn) sources could reduce the deleterious effect of maternal heat stress on hatchability performance and progeny growth performance. A completely randomized design (n = 6) with 2 maternal environmental temperatures [normal 21 ± 1°C (NT) vs. high 32 ± 1°C (HT)] × 3 maternal dietary supplemental Zn levels [Zn-unsupplemented control diet (CON), the control diet + 110 mg of Zn/kg of diet as either inorganic ZnSO4 (iZn) or organic Zn with a moderate chelation strength (oZn)] was used. HT decreased (P < 0.05) fertility, hatchability, chick hatch weight, and embryonic survival. HT also decreased (P ≤ 0.05) progeny BW, ADG, and ADFI at one to 21, 22 to 28, and 29 to 42 d of age as well as breast muscle ratio and plasma aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase activities at 42 d of age. Maternal dietary Zn supplementation with either iZn or oZn increased (P < 0.004) Zn contents in yolk and liver, non-weak chick ratio, as well as progeny BW, ADFI, and survivability at one to 21 d of age. Notably, the addition of oZn increased (P < 0.05) hatchability and progeny thigh meat quality by reducing b* value. The progeny ADG at one to 21 d and 22 to 28 d of age and BW at 28 d of age from maternal NT were not affected (P > 0.46) by maternal dietary Zn supplementation, but the above 3 indices from HT-iZn (P < 0.05) and HT-oZn (P < 0.003) were higher than those from HT-CON. Our results indicate that maternal heat stress impairs hatching performance, embryonic development, and progeny growth performance, inducing metabolic changes, while supplementation of Zn in maternal diets regardless of Zn sources improved hatch chick quality and survivability of offspring and alleviated the negative effect of maternal heat stress on growth performance of offspring during the starter period. In addition, maternal dietary supplementation with the organic Zn improved hatchability and progeny meat quality.
本研究旨在探讨母体膳食补充不同锌（Zn）来源是否能降低母体热应激对孵化性能和后代生长性能的有害影响。采用完全随机设计（n=6），设 2 个母体环境温度[正常 21±1°C（NT）与高温 32±1°C（HT）]×3 个母体膳食补充 Zn 水平[未补充 Zn 的对照饲料（CON），对照饲料+110mg/kg 饲料的无机 ZnSO4（iZn）或中等螯合强度的有机 Zn（oZn）]。HT 降低了（P<0.05）受精率、孵化率、雏鸡出壳体重和胚胎存活率。HT 还降低了（P≤0.05）1 至 21 日龄、22 至 28 日龄和 29 至 42 日龄后代的 BW、ADG 和 ADFI，以及 42 日龄的胸肌比和血浆天冬氨酸转氨酶和肌酸激酶活性。母体膳食补充 iZn 或 oZn 均可提高（P<0.004）蛋黄和肝脏中的 Zn 含量、非弱雏比例以及 1 至 21 日龄后代的 BW、ADFI 和存活率。值得注意的是，添加 oZn 可降低（P<0.05）b*值，从而提高孵化率和后代大腿肉品质。来自 NT 的母体的后代在 1 至 21 日龄和 22 至 28 日龄的 ADG 和 28 日龄的 BW 不受母体膳食 Zn 补充的影响（P>0.46），但 HT-iZn（P<0.05）和 HT-oZn（P<0.003）的上述 3 个指标均高于 HT-CON。研究结果表明，母体热应激损害孵化性能、胚胎发育和后代生长性能，诱导代谢变化，而母体膳食中无论 Zn 来源如何补充 Zn 均可提高孵化雏鸡质量和后代存活率，并缓解母体热应激对育雏期后代生长性能的负面影响。此外，母体膳食补充有机 Zn 可提高孵化率和后代肉质。
