Quaglietti Bastien, Tamisier Lucie, Groussier Géraldine, Fleisch Alexandre, Le Goff Isabelle, Ris Nicolas, Kreiter Philippe, Fauvergue Xavier, Malausa Thibaut
UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech CNRS INRA Université Nice Sophia Antipolis Sophia Antipolis France.
Ecol Evol. 2017 Jan 15;7(3):964-973. doi: 10.1002/ece3.2643. eCollection 2017 Feb.
Inbreeding depression is a major concern in almost all human activities relating to plant and animal breeding. The biological control of pests with natural enemies is no exception, because populations of biocontrol agents experience a series of bottlenecks during importation, rearing, and introduction. A classical biological control program for the Comstock mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was initiated in France in 2008, based on the introduction of an exotic parasitoid, Mues. (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), a haplodiploid parasitoid imported from Japan. We evaluated the sensitivity of to inbreeding, to optimize rearing and release strategies. We compared several morphological and life-history traits between the offspring of siblings and the offspring of unrelated parents. We took into account the low level of genetic variability due to the relatively small size of laboratory-reared populations by contrasting two types of pedigree: one for individuals from a strain founded from a single field population, and the other generated by hybridizing individuals from two strains founded from two highly differentiated populations. Despite this careful design, we obtained no evidence for a negative impact of inbreeding on laboratory-reared . We discussed the results in light of haplodiploid sex determination and parasitoid mating systems, and classical biological control practices.
近亲繁殖衰退是几乎所有与动植物育种相关的人类活动中的一个主要问题。利用天敌进行害虫的生物防治也不例外，因为生物防治剂的种群在引进、饲养和引入过程中会经历一系列瓶颈。2008年在法国启动了一项针对康氏粉蚧（半翅目：粉蚧科）的经典生物防治项目，该项目基于引进一种外来寄生蜂——缪氏桨角蚜小蜂（膜翅目：扁股小蜂科），这是一种从日本引进的单倍体二倍体寄生蜂。我们评估了缪氏桨角蚜小蜂对近亲繁殖的敏感性，以优化饲养和释放策略。我们比较了同胞后代和非亲缘亲本后代之间的几个形态和生活史特征。通过对比两种系谱，我们考虑到了由于实验室饲养种群规模相对较小而导致的低水平遗传变异性：一种是来自由单个田间种群建立的品系的个体，另一种是通过将来自两个由两个高度分化种群建立的品系的个体杂交产生的。尽管设计很精心，但我们没有获得近亲繁殖对实验室饲养的缪氏桨角蚜小蜂有负面影响的证据。我们根据单倍体二倍体性别决定、寄生蜂交配系统和经典生物防治实践讨论了结果。
