Ghozzi Khemissa, Marangi Marianna, Papini Roberto, Lahmar Ibtissem, Challouf Rafika, Houas Najoua, Ben Dhiab Rym, Normanno Giovanni, Babba Hamouda, Giangaspero Annunziata
Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie Médicale et Moléculaire (code LR12ES08), Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia; Laboratoire de Biodiversité et de Biotechnologie Marine, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, Monastir, Tunisia.
Department of Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2017 Apr 15;117(1-2):197-202. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.057. Epub 2017 Feb 4.
In order to establish seawater contamination by emerging protozoan parasites, we used qPCR to molecularly characterize and evaluate the parasitic burden of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Cyclospora cayetanensis in 1255 wild bivalve mollusks collected along the Tunisian coasts. T. gondii, G. duodenalis and C. cayetanensis were detected in 6.9% (99% CI=1.6-12.2%) pools of Ruditapes decussatus. None of the samples were found positive to Cryptosporidium spp.; 6.6% pools of R. decussatus were positive for T. gondii Type I, 1.6% for G. duodenalis assemblage A, and 1.6% for the association T. gondii Type I/C. cayetanensis/G. duodenalis assemblage A. R. decussatus harbored up to 77500 oocysts/sample of T. gondii, up to 395 cysts/sample of G. duodenalis, and 526 oocysts/sample of C. cayetanensis. These results provide the first evidence that the Tunisian coasts are contaminated by zoonotic protozoan parasites that can constitute a direct or indirect risk for human health.
为了确定新出现的原生动物寄生虫对海水的污染情况，我们使用定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）对沿突尼斯海岸采集的1255只野生双壳贝类软体动物中的十二指肠贾第虫、隐孢子虫属、弓形虫和卡耶塔环孢子球虫进行分子特征分析并评估其寄生负荷。在6.9%（99%置信区间=1.6-12.2%）的四角蛤蜊样本中检测到了弓形虫、十二指肠贾第虫和卡耶塔环孢子球虫。未发现任何样本对隐孢子虫属呈阳性；6.6%的四角蛤蜊样本对I型弓形虫呈阳性，1.6%对十二指肠贾第虫A群呈阳性，1.6%对I型弓形虫/卡耶塔环孢子球虫/十二指肠贾第虫A群组合呈阳性。四角蛤蜊每个样本中弓形虫的卵囊数量高达77500个，十二指肠贾第虫的包囊数量高达395个，卡耶塔环孢子球虫的卵囊数量为526个。这些结果首次证明突尼斯海岸受到了人畜共患原生动物寄生虫的污染，这些寄生虫可能对人类健康构成直接或间接风险。
