检索后消退减弱大鼠的酒精线索反应性。
Postretrieval Extinction Attenuates Alcohol Cue Reactivity in Rats.
作者信息
Cofresí Roberto U, Lewis Suzanne M, Chaudhri Nadia, Lee Hongjoo J, Monfils Marie-H, Gonzales Rueben A
机构信息
Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
Department of Psychology, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
出版信息
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2017 Mar;41(3):608-617. doi: 10.1111/acer.13323. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
BACKGROUND
Conditioned responses to alcohol-associated cues can hinder recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD). Cue exposure (extinction) therapy (CET) can reduce reactivity to alcohol cues, but its efficacy is limited by phenomena such as spontaneous recovery and reinstatement that can cause a return of conditioned responding after extinction. Using a preclinical model of alcohol cue reactivity in rats, we evaluated whether the efficacy of alcohol CET could be improved by conducting CET during the memory reconsolidation window after retrieval of cue-alcohol associations.
METHODS
Rats were provided with intermittent access to unsweetened alcohol. Rats were then trained to predict alcohol access based on a visual cue. Next, rats were treated with either standard extinction (n = 14) or postretrieval extinction (n = 13). Rats were then tested for long-term memory of extinction and susceptibility to spontaneous recovery and reinstatement.
RESULTS
Despite equivalent extinction, rats treated with postretrieval extinction exhibited reduced spontaneous recovery and reinstatement relative to rats treated with standard extinction.
CONCLUSIONS
Postretrieval CET shows promise for persistently attenuating the risk to relapse posed by alcohol cues in individuals with AUD.
背景
对酒精相关线索的条件反应会阻碍酒精使用障碍（AUD）的康复。线索暴露（消退）疗法（CET）可以降低对酒精线索的反应性，但其疗效受到诸如自发恢复和重新激发等现象的限制，这些现象可导致消退后条件反应的恢复。我们使用大鼠酒精线索反应性的临床前模型，评估在检索线索-酒精关联后，于记忆重新巩固窗口期间进行CET是否能提高酒精CET的疗效。
方法
给予大鼠间歇性饮用无糖酒精的机会。然后训练大鼠根据视觉线索预测酒精的获取。接下来，将大鼠分为标准消退组（n = 14）或检索后消退组（n = 13）进行处理。然后测试大鼠对消退的长期记忆以及对自发恢复和重新激发的易感性。
结果
尽管两组消退程度相当，但与标准消退组大鼠相比，检索后消退组大鼠的自发恢复和重新激发有所减少。
结论
检索后CET有望持续降低AUD个体中酒精线索导致复发的风险。
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