McMahon Adrienne B, Arms-Chavez Clarissa J, Harper Bridgette D, LoBello Steven G
Department of Psychology, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, USA.
Arch Womens Ment Health. 2017 Jun;20(3):405-409. doi: 10.1007/s00737-017-0715-z. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
It was recently reported that pregnant women were more likely to have minor depression as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 depression scale (PHQ-8), (as reported by Kroenke and Spitzer (Psychiatr Ann 32(9):1-7, 2002), and Kroenke et al. (J Affect 114(1-3):163-173, 2009)) compared to women who were not pregnant (as reported by Ashley et al. (Arch Womens Ment Health 19(2):395-400, 2015)). The present study is designed to investigate if somatic symptoms (energy level, appetite, sleep) associated with both pregnancy and depression were responsible for this increased prevalence of minor depression. A sample of pregnant women (n = 404) was compared to women who were not pregnant (n = 6754). Both groups scored within the minor depression range on the PHQ-8 and comparisons were based on participants' responses to PHQ-8 items. Results indicate that of the somatic symptoms of depression, only changes in energy level accounted for the elevated prevalence of minor depression among pregnant women compared to women who are not pregnant. Removing the decreased energy item from the score determination reduces the prevalence of minor depression among pregnant women to a level significantly below that of women who are not pregnant. Emotional symptoms such as feeling down and feeling like a failure were less likely to be reported by pregnant women compared to women who were not pregnant. Implications for depression screening during pregnancy are discussed.
最近有报道称，与未怀孕的女性相比（如阿什利等人在《女性心理健康档案》19(2):395 - 400, 2015年中所报道），通过患者健康问卷 - 8抑郁量表（PHQ - 8）测量，孕妇更有可能患有轻度抑郁症（如克伦克和斯皮策在《精神病学年鉴》32(9):1 - 7, 2002年中所报道，以及克伦克等人在《情感障碍杂志》114(1 - 3):163 - 173, 2009年中所报道）。本研究旨在调查与怀孕和抑郁相关的躯体症状（精力水平、食欲、睡眠）是否是导致这种轻度抑郁症患病率增加的原因。将一组孕妇样本（n = 404）与未怀孕的女性样本（n = 6754）进行比较。两组在PHQ - 8上的得分均处于轻度抑郁范围内，且比较基于参与者对PHQ - 8项目的回答。结果表明，在抑郁的躯体症状中，与未怀孕的女性相比，只有精力水平的变化导致了孕妇中轻度抑郁症患病率的升高。从得分测定中去除精力下降这一项目后，孕妇中轻度抑郁症的患病率降至显著低于未怀孕女性的水平。与未怀孕的女性相比，孕妇报告情绪低落和感觉失败等情绪症状的可能性较小。文中还讨论了孕期抑郁筛查的意义。
