Busch Vincent, Altenburg Teatske M, Harmsen Irene A, Chinapaw Mai J
Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, Section Youth, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Public Health. 2017 Feb 1;27(1):53-65. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw140.
Healthy sleep among children has social, physical and mental health benefits. As most of today’s children do not meet the healthy sleep recommendations, effective interventions are urgently needed. This systematic review summarizes the characteristics and effectiveness of interventions aiming to stimulate healthy sleeping in a general population of school-aged children.
The search engines PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo and the Cochrane Database Library were systematically searched up to March 2016. We included all studies evaluating interventions targeting healthy sleep duration and/or bedtime routines of children aged 4–12 years. All steps in this systematic review, i.e. search, study selection, quality assessment and data extraction, were performed following CRD Guidelines and reported according to the PRISMA Statement.
Eleven studies were included, of which only two were of strong quality. The interventions varied in terms of targeted determinants and intervention setting. Overall, no evidence was found favoring a particular intervention strategy. One intervention that delayed school start time and two multi-behavioral interventions that targeted both the school and home setting showed promising effects in terms of increasing sleep duration.
Due to few high quality studies, evidence for the effectiveness of any particular intervention strategy to stimulate healthy sleep in children is still inconclusive. However, the more effective interventions in stimulating healthy sleep duration and adherence to regular bedtimes were mostly multi-behavioral interventions that included creating daily healthy routines and combined intervention settings (e.g. home and school). In conclusion, high-quality studies evaluating systematically developed interventions are needed to move this field forward.
儿童的健康睡眠对社会、身体和心理健康有益。由于如今大多数儿童未达到健康睡眠建议标准，因此迫切需要有效的干预措施。本系统评价总结了旨在促进学龄儿童总体人群健康睡眠的干预措施的特点和效果。
截至2016年3月，对搜索引擎PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、PsycInfo和Cochrane数据库图书馆进行了系统检索。我们纳入了所有评估针对4至12岁儿童健康睡眠时间和/或就寝时间安排的干预措施的研究。本系统评价的所有步骤，即检索、研究选择、质量评估和数据提取，均按照CRD指南进行，并根据PRISMA声明进行报告。
纳入了11项研究，其中只有两项质量较高。干预措施在目标决定因素和干预环境方面各不相同。总体而言，未发现支持特定干预策略的证据。一项推迟上学时间的干预措施以及两项针对学校和家庭环境的多行为干预措施在增加睡眠时间方面显示出有希望的效果。
由于高质量研究较少，关于任何特定干预策略促进儿童健康睡眠有效性的证据仍然不明确。然而，在促进健康睡眠时间和坚持规律就寝时间方面更有效的干预措施大多是多行为干预措施，包括建立日常健康作息和综合干预环境（如家庭和学校）。总之，需要高质量的研究来评估系统开发的干预措施，以推动该领域的发展。
