Wurm Moritz F, Artemenko Christina, Giuliani Daniela, Schubotz Ricarda I
Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento.
LEAD Graduate School, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen.
Dev Psychol. 2017 Apr;53(4):662-670. doi: 10.1037/dev0000273. Epub 2017 Feb 9.
Actions are recognized faster and with higher accuracy when they take place in their typical environments. It is unclear, however, when contextual cues from the environment become effectively exploited during childhood and whether contextual integration interacts with other factors such as children's perceptual or motor experience with an action. In the present experiment, we asked 4- to 8-year-olds (n = 159) to recognize pantomime actions that took place in compatible, incompatible, or neutral contextual settings. In each age cohort, children recognized more actions taking place in compatible compared to incompatible and neutral contexts. This result demonstrates robust facilitation effects of context on action recognition independent of age. Additionally, we found an interaction of context effects with action familiarity: Context effects were strongest when the children were less familiar with the actions, suggesting that contextual settings are particularly beneficial for action recognition when experience with an action is sparse. (PsycINFO Database Record
当动作在其典型环境中发生时，人们能够更快且更准确地识别它们。然而，尚不清楚环境中的情境线索在儿童时期何时能被有效利用，以及情境整合是否与其他因素相互作用，比如儿童对某个动作的感知或运动体验。在本实验中，我们让4至8岁的儿童（n = 159）识别在兼容、不兼容或中性情境中发生的哑剧动作。在每个年龄组中，与不兼容和中性情境相比，儿童识别出在兼容情境中发生的动作更多。这一结果表明，情境对动作识别具有强大的促进作用，且与年龄无关。此外，我们发现情境效应与动作熟悉度之间存在相互作用：当儿童对动作不太熟悉时，情境效应最强，这表明当对某个动作的体验较少时，情境设置对动作识别特别有益。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
