Stiles J, Delis D C, Tada W L
Psychology Department, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
Child Dev. 1991 Dec;62(6):1258-75.
The tendency of young children to attend to global and/or local levels of hierarchically structured patterns was examined using an orientation judgment task. 3- and 4-year-old children and adults were asked to judge which way an equilateral triangle was pointing under different contextual conditions. In Experiment 1, contextual variations included overall pattern orientation, configuration alignment type, presence or absence of an immediate frame of reference, and type of local element context. The results showed that, contrary to previous reports in the literature, young children, like adults, attend to both global and local levels of a pattern. Both pattern orientation and the introduction of contextual cues affected children's judgments, and the magnitude of that effect varied with the particular contextual cue present in the stimulus array. In Experiment 2, contextual variations included overall pattern orientation and presence or absence of an internal local level element. Consistent with the results of Experiment 1, young children's orientation judgements were influenced by the addition of local level factors.
使用定向判断任务研究了幼儿关注层次结构模式的全局和/或局部水平的倾向。要求3岁、4岁儿童和成年人判断在不同情境条件下一个等边三角形指向的方向。在实验1中，情境变化包括整体模式方向、构型对齐类型、是否存在直接参照框架以及局部元素情境类型。结果表明，与文献中先前的报道相反，幼儿和成年人一样，会关注模式的全局和局部水平。模式方向和情境线索的引入都会影响儿童的判断，并且这种影响的程度会因刺激阵列中存在的特定情境线索而有所不同。在实验2中，情境变化包括整体模式方向以及内部局部水平元素的有无。与实验1的结果一致，局部水平因素的添加影响了幼儿的方向判断。
