Khalil Samah R, Awad Ashraf, Ali Sozan A
Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2017 Mar;50:136-144. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.01.018. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
The reproductive effects of melamine and formaldehyde, either alone or in combination, on mature male Swiss mice were investigated. The animals were orally administered melamine (50mg/kg/day), formaldehyde (25mg/kg/day), a mixture of melamine and formaldehyde, or a vehicle control for 65 consecutive days. As a result, the deterioration of sperm characteristics and inhibition of testicular enzyme activity were observed in the melamine- and formaldehyde-exposed groups. In addition, testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels were significantly reduced in the melamine but not in the formaldehyde-exposed group, which correlated with down-regulation of transcription levels of steroidogenic-related genes. Histopathologically, both compounds caused lesions in the testes. However, the co-exposure reduced the induced alterations in spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and testicular architecture that were obviously observed in the melamine-exposed group. Consequently, we demonstrated that melamine exhibited more pronounced reproductive impact in comparison with formaldehyde. In addition, formaldehyde was able to substantially temper the melamine -induced reproductive toxic effect.
研究了三聚氰胺和甲醛单独或联合使用对成年雄性瑞士小鼠的生殖影响。连续65天给动物口服三聚氰胺（50毫克/千克/天）、甲醛（25毫克/千克/天）、三聚氰胺和甲醛的混合物或赋形剂对照。结果，在三聚氰胺和甲醛暴露组中观察到精子特征恶化和睾丸酶活性受到抑制。此外，三聚氰胺暴露组中睾酮和促黄体生成素水平显著降低，而甲醛暴露组未出现这种情况，这与类固醇生成相关基因转录水平的下调有关。组织病理学上，两种化合物均导致睾丸出现病变。然而，共同暴露减少了在三聚氰胺暴露组中明显观察到的精子发生、类固醇生成和睾丸结构的诱导性改变。因此，我们证明，与甲醛相比，三聚氰胺表现出更明显的生殖影响。此外，甲醛能够显著减轻三聚氰胺诱导的生殖毒性作用。
